Cardiovascular Embryo High yield

Question 1

what does the primitive atrium become?

Answer 1

auricles

Question 2

what does the primitive ventricle become?

Answer 2

RV

LV

Question 3

what does the bulbus cordis become?

Answer 3

aortic vestibule (LV)

conus cordic (RV)

Question 4

what does the truncus arteriosus become?

Answer 4

aorta

pulmonary trunk

Question 5

name the blood flow through primitive heart

Answer 5

SV–>PA–>PV–>BC–>TA

Question 6

where does apoptosis occur around primitive heart?

Answer 6

posterior side

Question 7

what is cardiac looping dependent upon?

Answer 7

PITX2

Question 8

where does the muscular portion of the interventricular septum develop from?

Answer 8

midline of floor of primitive ventricle

grows upward towards ECC

Question 9

what is a VSD?

where do these occur?

Answer 9

opening between LV and RV

muscular portion

Question 10

what clinical signs are common in VSD?

Answer 10

RV hypertrophy
cyanosis over time
normal electrical activity

Question 11

what is the valve of fossa ovale?

Answer 11

septum primum

Question 12

what is the floor of fossa ovale in LA?

Answer 12

septum secundum

Question 13

in the RA what does the septum secundum make?

Answer 13

Limbus

Question 14

in the RA what does the fossa ovale make?

Answer 14

septum primum

Question 15

what do Holt-Oram kids have?

Answer 15

thumb anomaly and atrial septal defect

Question 16

where does the liver develop in?

Answer 16

septum transversum

Question 17

what does the umbilical v. become?

Answer 17

ligamentum teres hepatis

Question 18

what forms the SVC?

Answer 18

R ant. cardinal and common cardinal

Question 19

what does the anastomsis of cardinal v. from?

Answer 19

Left brachiocephalic v.

Question 20

shunting of blood causes which horn to be larger?

Answer 20

Right

Question 21

what is atrioventricular communis?

Answer 21

absence of endocardial cushion

Question 22

what do the vitelline veins become

Answer 22

hepatic sinusoids
IVC
veins that drain GI

Question 23

what has a role in partitioning the aorta and pulmonary trunk?

Answer 23

neural crest

Question 24

what describes incomplete fusion of bulbar ridges and inferior VSD?
L–>R shunt and INC pulmonary blood flow and hypertension
cyanosis

Answer 24

Eisenmenger’s Syndrome

Question 25

what is associated with Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 25

Real Point Of View

Rt. Ventricular hypertrophy
Pulmonary stenosis
Overriding aorta
VSD

Question 26

what is Transposition of the Great Vessels?

Answer 26

No spiral septum
aorta when to lungs
pulmonary trunk came from LV so no oxygen at all

Question 27

what promotes patency of ductus arteriosus?

What causes fetal closure?

Answer 27

PGE2

NSAID

Question 28

What is TAPVR?

what else does this have?

Answer 28

the 4 PVs do not connect normally to LA
instead drain to RA

ASD

Question 29

what are the 3 types of TAPVR with their drainage to RA?

Answer 29

Supracardiac - SVC

Infracardiac - IVC

Cardiac total anomalous pulmonary - Coronary Sinus

Question 30

what does the sinus venosus become?

Answer 30

sinus venarum (RA part)
coronoary sinus
oblique v. of LA

Question 31

what makes the left atrium?

Answer 31

pulmonary veins

Question 32

outline blood circulation from mother to fetus

Answer 32

1. placenta
2. umbilical vein
3. ductus venosus
4. ivc
5. heart
6. RA to LA through foramen ovale and to aorta or into pulmonary circulation
7. aorta
8. fetal tissues
9. umbilical arteries

Question 33

what is the adult remnant of the umbilical vein?

Answer 33

ligamentum teres

Question 34

adult remnant of ductus venosus?

Answer 34

ligamentum venosum

Question 35

adult remnant of ductus arteriosus?

Answer 35

ligamentum arteriosum

Question 36

what vessel functions as pressurized blood reservoirs?

Answer 36

elastic arteries