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a deck of Pathology > pulm > Flashcards

pulm Flashcards

1
Q

Kerley B lines

A

> fluid in the interlobular septa as seen in cardiogenic edema

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2
Q

cuffing in cardiogenic edema

A

> an increase in perivascular and peribronchial fluid

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3
Q

cause of “whiteout” lungs

A

> non-cardiogenic edema

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4
Q

absorptive atelectasis

A

> obstructive atelec. such as mucous
air distal to the obstruction is absorbed
mediastinum shifts TOWARD the collapse

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5
Q

compression atelectasis

A

> fluid in the pleural cavity increases pressure

> mediastinum shifts AWAY the collapse

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6
Q

contraction atelectasis

A

> fibrosis causes collapse

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7
Q

patchy atelectasis

A

> seen in newborns with hyaline membrane Dz

> collapse from lack of surf.

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8
Q

Charcot- Leyden crystals

A

> crystals from membranes of eosinophils in asthma

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9
Q

Curschman spirals

A

> spirals of shed epithelium in mucous plugs of smaller airways
seen in microscopic exam of sputum
asthma
can contain Charcot-Leyden crystals

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10
Q

Ghon complex

A

> primary TB

> subpluerual lesion near fissure between upper/lower lobes and enlarged caseous lymph nodes that drain the lesion

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11
Q

plexiform lesions

A

> vascular lesion
consists of intraluminal angiomatous tufts that form webs
diagnostic of pulmonary HTN

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12
Q

Churgg-Strauss

A

> allergic vasculitis
necrotizing granulomas
p-ANCA

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13
Q

wegener granulomatosis

A

> c-ANCA
large and serpinginous areas of necrosis
peripheral palisading of macrophages

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14
Q

bronchiectasis

A

> abnormal, permanent dilation of the bronchi filled with mucus and neutrophils
NFL and necrosis of bronchials walls
alveolar fibrosis

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15
Q

chronic bronchitis morphology

A

> hyperplasia of the bronchial submucosal glands

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16
Q

centrilobular emphysema

A

> proximal acinus
respiratory bronchioles
most severe in apical segments

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17
Q

paraseptal emphysema

A

> distal acinus
resp. bronchioles and terminal blind alveoli
most severe in upper half of lungs

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18
Q

panlobular emphysema

A

> entire acinus
associated with alpha 1 AT
most severe at lung bases

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19
Q

bronchopneumonia

A

> patchy consolidation

> aka “lobular pneumonia”

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20
Q

4 stages of lobar pneumonia

A

> congestive
red hepatization
gray hepatization
resolution

21
Q

T/F firbrosis decreases the diffusion of oxygen and CO2

A

false. CO2 diffuses 20 times faster, so it remains (generally) unchanged

22
Q

bronchopulmonary sequestration

A

> lung tissue without a normal connection to the airway system
appear as mass lesions in infants

23
Q

cor pulmonales

A

> pulm. press. reaches 25% of the systemic

> normal is ~12%

24
Q

plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy

A

> primary pulmonary HTN or congenital heart Dz

> has L to R shunts

25
Q

Goodpasture’s syndrome Sx

A

> glomerulonephritis

> necrotizing, hemorrhagic interstitial pneumonitis

26
Q

chronic bronchitis criteria

A

> persistant cough
AND
sputum production for at least 3 months in 2 consecutive years

27
Q

pneumoconioses

A

> non neoplastic lung Dz.

> reaction to inhaled mineral dusts

28
Q

anthracosis

A

> type of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis

> carbon pigment in CT around lymphatics

29
Q

if you are going to get coal worker lung, which type do you want? what type should you avoid?

A

> anthracosis

> complicated CWP

30
Q

caplan’s syndrome

A

> RA + nodular lesions of pneumoconiosis

31
Q

silicosis

A

> most prevalent chronic occupational Dz
slow progressing
NODULAR
fibrosing pneumoconiosis

32
Q

asbestosis

A

> crystalline, hydrated silica that forms fibers
has two morphologic types with different features
commonly manifests with pleural plaques

33
Q

amphiboles

A

> more malignant (mesotheloma)
straight, stiff fibers
insoluble
DIFFUSE INTERSITIAL PROCESS

34
Q

asbestos synergy

A

there is a synergy between tobacco smoking and asbestos leading to BRONCHOGENIC carcinoma

35
Q

asbestos bodies

A

> golden brown
fusiform or beaded rods
coated with iron containing protein (macrophage ferritin)

36
Q

honeycomb lung

A

> distorted airspaces

> thick, fibrous walls

37
Q

sarcoidosis

A

NONCASEATING granulomas

38
Q

Schaumann’s bodies

A

> of sarcoidosis
laminated concretions made of
>calcium
>proteins

39
Q

asteroid bodies

A

> stellate inclusions of sarcoidosis

> within giant cells

40
Q

farmer’s lung

A

> actinomyces spores in hay

> hypersensitivity pneumonitis

41
Q

pigeon breeder’s lung

A

> bird proteins

> hypersensitivity pneumonitis

42
Q

hypersensitivity pneumonitis

A

> response to organic inhaled antigens

43
Q

bronchiolitis obliterans

A

> chronic NFL after prologed effort to resolve pulmonary injury
bronchiolar repair/injury ==> filling of small airways (bronchioles) with inflammatory fibrous exudate (loose fibrous plugs)

44
Q

KARTAGENER syndrome
what is wrong?
what are the clinical finds?

A 
> primary ciliary dyskinesia
>>> sinusistis
>>> bronchitis
>>> situs inversus
>>> male infertility
45
Q

singer’s nodule

A

benighn laryngeal polyp

> induced by chronic irritation

46
Q

laryngeal papilloma

A

benign neoplasm on true vocal cords
> UNILATERAL in adults
> MULTIPLE in kids after HPV and can recur

47
Q

nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

EBV
> usually a squamous cell carcinoma,
> could also be adenocarcinoma
> malignant

48
Q

bloody pleural effusion is usually from

A

bloody pleural effusion (serosanguinous)
> malignancy
> TB
> trauma

a deck of Pathology (6 decks)

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