Pulmonary function testing

Question 1

what are the indications to perform PFTs (5)? what is the overall goal?

Answer 1

1. eval of patients with suspected respiratory disease
2. eval of severity of respiratory disease
3. pre op eval
4. eval of persons at risk for pulmonary disease (smokers, occupational)
5. assessment of response to therapeutic interventions

obtain baseline function

Question 2

VC = ?

Answer 2

ERV + tidal volume + IRV

or, ERV + inspiratory capacity

Question 3

inspiratory capacity = ?

Answer 3

tidal volume + IRV

Question 4

ERV + tidal volume + IRV

or, ERV + inspiratory capacity

Answer 4

vital capacity

Question 5

tidal volume + IRV

Answer 5

inspiratory capacity

Question 6

functional residual capacity = ?

Answer 6

ERV + residual volume

Question 7

ERV + residual volume = ?

Answer 7

functional residual capacity

Question 8

vital capacity + residual volume = ?

Answer 8

total lung capacity

Question 9

total lung capacity

Answer 9

vital capacity + residual volume = ?

Question 10

what does spirometry measure?

Answer 10

dynamic measurement of AIR FLOW (obstruction)

Question 11

what does body plethysmography measure?

Answer 11

static measurement for lung volumes (restriction)

Question 12

what does diffusion capacity of the lungs for CO measure?

Answer 12

gas exhange capacity evaluation

Question 13

can spirometry be used to measure restrictive lung diseases?

Answer 13

NO

Question 14

what ratio is referenced to determine if there is an obstruction to air flow?

Answer 14

FEV1 / FVC

Question 15

what value is observed when determining how severe an obstruction is?

Answer 15

FEV1

Question 16

what indicates severe obstruction on PFT?

Answer 16

FEV1 is 50% compared to reference population

Question 17

flow-volume pattern: obstructive

Answer 17

reduced peak flow, scooped-out mid-curve

Question 18

flow-volume pattern: severe obstructive

Answer 18

steeple pattern, reduced peak flow, rapid fall off

Question 19

flow-volume pattern: restrictive

Answer 19

normal shape, normal peak flow, reduced volume

Question 20

reduced peak flow, scooped-out mid-curve

Answer 20

description of obstructive flow volume pattern

Question 21

steeple pattern, reduced peak flow, rapid fall off

Answer 21

description of severe obstructive flow volume pattern

Question 22

normal shape, normal peak flow, reduced volume

Answer 22

description of restrictive flow volume pattern

Question 23

flow-time pattern: obstructive

Answer 23

slow rise, reduced volume expired, prolonged time to full expiration

Question 24

flow-time pattern: restrictive

Answer 24

fast rise to plateau at reduced max volume

Question 25

slow rise, reduced volume expired, prolonged time to full expiration

Answer 25

flow-time pattern: obstructive

Question 26

fast rise to plateau at reduced max volume

Answer 26

flow-time pattern: restrictive

Question 27

bronchoprovocation test: indication

Answer 27

to evaluate airway hyperrespnosiveness

Question 28

what is a positive bronchoprovocation test?

Answer 28

FEV1 decreases by 20%

Question 29

what test can measure residual volume?

Answer 29

body plethysmography

Question 30

what are the normal values for total lung capacity? what indicates restriction? hyperinflation?

Answer 30

80-120%

restricted - less than 80%
hyperinflated - over 120%

Question 31

what test is used to determine if there is a restrictive process present?

Answer 31

TLC (body plethysmography)

Question 32

what test is used to differentiate between a parenchymal and extraparenchymal process?

Answer 32

DLCO