Obesity Study Guide

Question 1

medical issues that add to weight gain

Answer 1

-medications
endocrine issues such as hypothyroidism and bushings disease 
-smoking cessation
-injuries 
-genetics

Question 2

what weight change often helps decrease risk of morbidity

Answer 2

• a decrease in 5-10% of original weight

- this is also the average amount of weight lost by nonsurgical means

Question 3

weight loss with low cal diet

Answer 3

-5 to 10%

Question 4

wight loss of very low cal diet

Answer 4

-15%

Question 5

weight loss due to exercise without diet change

Answer 5

-1-2% and when added to diet change is adds this much to the decrease

Question 6

weight loss via medication

Answer 6

-3-5% on top of diet and exercise

Question 7

weight loss due to bariatric surgery

Answer 7

• 15-35% of initial weight depending on the surgical procedure
• 20-25% for banding and bypass respectively

Question 8

strategies that may help maintain adherence with a diet

Answer 8

• increased protein and/or fiber
• reduced energy density
• meal replacement (use of commercial meal replacements or prepared meals narrows possible food choices and decreases need for shopping

Question 9

what is one of the most important predictors of weight maintenance after loss

Answer 9

-exercise

Question 10

who are medications considered for?

Answer 10

• people who do not meet weight loss goals
• BMI over 30 or over 27 with weight related conditions such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, sleep apnea, or heart disease

Question 11

two mechanisms by which weight loss medications work

Answer 11

• CNS agents suppress appetite or increase satiety

- intestinal lipase inhibitors lead to excretion of dietary fat

Question 12

who is surgery considered for?

-what the greatest benefit of surgery

Answer 12

• people with a BMI over 40 or over 35 with weight related comorbidities
• this is the only option that has shown long term weight loss, long term improved weight related comorbidities in morbidly obese people

Question 13

what are the mechanism by which weight loss surgeries work?

Answer 13

• gastric restriction

- malabsorption