Chapter 27: WWII

Question 1

Aryans

Answer 1

Hitler’s ideal Germanic race: blond hair, blue eyes, tall. He thought they were superior race plus some others, but Jews and Slavs and other ethnicities were subhuman, lots of persecution, Holocaust.

Question 2

Axis Powers

Answer 2

Germany, Italy, and Japan: they were fighting against the allied powers.

Question 3

Black Shirts

Answer 3

Mussolini’s private militia that destroyed socialist newspapers, union halls, and Socialist party headquarters, every ally pushing Socialists out of the city governments of northern Italy.

Question 4

Blitzkrieg

Answer 4

Come back to this one

Question 5

Collectivization of Agriculture

Answer 5

Forcible consolidation of individual peasant farms into large state-controlled enterprises in the Soviet Union under Stalin, showed Communist ideal of “one people”

Question 6

Enabling Act

Answer 6

An act pushed through the Reichstag by the Nazis that gave Hitler absolute dictatorial power for four years, VERY BAD OBVIOUSLY!

Question 7

Eugenics

Answer 7

Pseudoscientific doctrine that maintains that the selective breeding of human beings can improve the general characteristics of a national population, which helped inspire Nazi ideas about “race and space” and ultimately contributed to the Holocaust.

Question 8

Fascism

Answer 8

Movement characterized by extreme, often expansionist nationalism, antisocialism, a dynamic and violent leader, and glorification of war and the military. Liked a scapegoat, someone to blame.

Question 9

Five Year Plan

Answer 9

Plan launched by Stalin that was termed “revolution from above”, aimed at modernizing the Soviet Union and creating a new Communist society with new attitudes, new loyalties, and a new socialist humanity.

Question 10

Holocaust

Answer 10

Systematic effort of Nazi state to exterminate all European Jews and other groups deemed racially inferior during WWII.

Question 11

Kulaks

Answer 11

Better-off Russian peasants who were stripped of land and livestock under Stalin and were generally not permitted to join collective farms; many of them were starved or were deported to forced-labor camps for “re-education”.

Question 12

Lateran Agreement

Answer 12

1929 agreement that recognized Vatican as independent state, with Mussolini agreeing to give the church heavy financial support in return for public support from the pope.

Question 13

Lebensraum

Answer 13

This is the German word for “living space” for Hitler, one of Hitlers main purposes was to expand in order to have more living space for his desired Aryan race.

Question 14

Mein Kampf

Answer 14

Book by Adolf Hitler that outlines his plans for Germany, wants a revival from the loss of WWI and blames problems on capitalists.

Question 15

National Socialism

Answer 15

Movement and political party driven by extreme nationalism and racism, led by Hitler; its adherents ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945 and forced Europe into WWII.

Question 16

New Economic Policy

Answer 16

Lenin’s 1921 policy (Russian) to re-establish limited economic freedom in an attempt to rebuild agriculture and industry in the face of economic disintegration.

Question 17

New Order

Answer 17

Hitler’s program based on racial imperialism, gave preferential treatment to the Nordic peoples; the French, an “inferior” Latin people, occupied a middle position; and Slavs and Jews were treated harshly as “sub humans”
(Basically the new ranks of different races in Hitler’s mind).

Question 18

Totalitarianism

Answer 18

Radical dictatorship that exercises “total claims” over the beliefs and behavior of its citizens by taking control of the economic, social, intellectual, and cultural aspects of society.

Question 19

Appeasement

Answer 19

British policy toward Germany prior to WWII that aimed at granting Hitler whatever he wanted, including western Czechoslovakia, in order to avoid war.

(Basically wanted anything besides war, devastated by World War 1)