9 Haematology II - leukocytes

Question 1

What is the normal WBC count

Answer 1

4 - 11 x10^9 per L

Question 2

What are the functions of WBC:

Answer 2

Immune response (defense against pathogens)
Toxin and waste removal
removal of damaged cells

Question 3

What are some characteristics of WBCs?

Answer 3

• All nucleated
• All capable of amoeboid movement so can move in and out of the capillaries
• Do most work in the tissues
• Are all attracted to specific chemical stimuli

Question 4

What is extravasation?

Answer 4

WBCs moving out of the capillaries

Question 5

What is diapedisis?

Answer 5

WBCs moving out of the capillaries

Question 6

What are the two different types of WBCs?

Answer 6

Granulocytes and agranulocytes

Question 7

Name the granulocytes

Answer 7

• neutophil
• basophil
• eosinophil

Question 8

Which WBCs are phagocytes?

Answer 8

neutrophils eosinophils and monocytes

Question 9

Name the agranulocytes

Answer 9

monocytes

lymphocytes

Question 10

What is serum

Answer 10

Plasma without plasma proteins

Question 11

What colour do eosinophils stain?

Answer 11

Red

Question 12

Lymphocyte function:

Answer 12

Circulate between various lymphoid tissues and bodily tissue through lymph and blood
Involved in all immunological responses
- t cells (transplant rejection)
-b cells (differentiate into plasma cells and secrete antibodies )
-NK cells (surveillance - important in preventing cancer)

Question 13

Whats the pneumonic for remembering all types of WBCs

Answer 13

Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas 
neutrophils
lymphocytes
monocytes
eosinophils 
basophils

Question 14

Neutrophil nucleus:

Answer 14

2-5 lobes depending on maturity

Question 15

Neutrophil time in blood

Answer 15

10 hours

Question 16

Neutrophil function

Answer 16

• First line of defence
• Main constituent in pus (colour can be used to determine bacteria present)
• phagocytosis

Question 17

Eosinophil size:

Answer 17

10-12 micrometers

Question 18

Eosinophil nucleus

Answer 18

2 lobes

Question 19

Eosinophil time in the blood

Answer 19

8-10 hours

Question 20

Eosinophil time in tissues

Answer 20

1-3 days

Question 21

Eosinophil function:

Answer 21

• helps neutrophils
• involved in allergies and asthma
• release toxic compounds such as cytotoxic enzymes and NO
• combats parasites

Question 22

Basophils size

Answer 22

8-10 micrometers

Question 23

Basophil percentage in blood

Answer 23

less than 1%

Question 24

Basophil nucleus

Answer 24

bi lobed s shape

-cytoplasm also contains large granules of heparin and histamine

Question 25

Basophil time in blood

Answer 25

Unknown. thought to be a precursor to mast cells.

Question 26

Basophil function

Answer 26

-involved in inflammatory response

Question 27

Monocyte size

Answer 27

up to 20 micrometers. largest WBC

Question 28

monocyte % of WBCs

Answer 28

2-10%

Question 29

Monocyte time in blood

Answer 29

3-4 days

Question 30

Monocyte time in tissues

Answer 30

months - years

Question 31

Monocyte nucleus

Answer 31

Kidney bean/horse shoe shape

Question 32

Monocyte function

Answer 32

-phagocytosis

Question 33

Lymphocyte size

Answer 33

6-15 micrometers. smallest cell

Question 34

Lymphocyte % of WBCs

Answer 34

20-30%

Question 35

Lymphocyte nucleus

Answer 35

one lobe - normal nucleus

Question 36

Lymphocyte lifespan

Answer 36

Weeks - years

Question 37

Lymphocyte function

Answer 37

• travels around the body in the lymph and lymph tissues and blood
• immune response

Question 38

What colour do basophils stain?

Answer 38

blue

Question 39

What are the granules in basophils?

Answer 39

Heparin and histamine

Question 40

Which WBC has an extensive cytoplasm?

Answer 40

Monocytes for phagocytosis

Question 41

Eosinophil % of WBCs

Answer 41

2-4%