Cellular Metabolism

Question 1

Anabolism

Answer 1

Buildup of larger molecules from smaller ones

-requires energy

Question 2

Catabolism

Answer 2

Breakdown of larger molecules into smaller ones

-releases energy

(Ex) breakdown of carbs, lipids, proteins, and splitting of water molecules in digestion process

Question 3

Enzyme

Answer 3

• catalysts~ speed up chemical reactions
• special type of protein
• reusable
• controls each of the interrelated reactions of metabolism

Question 4

Provides the biochemicals for cell growth and repair

Answer 4

Anabolism

Question 5

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 5

Production of glycogen

•removes -OH and H+ to form water

Question 6

Hydrolysis

Answer 6

Breaks apart water to break apart a molecule

Question 7

What promotes chemical reactions by lowering activation energy needed to get the rxn started?

Answer 7

Enzymes

Question 8

Substrates

Answer 8

A specific chemical that matches a specific enzyme

Question 9

What does the speed of reactions depend on?

Answer 9

Concentration and efficiency of enzyme

Question 10

Factors that alter enzymes

Answer 10

• heat
• radiation
• chemicals
• pH

Presence of cofactors or coenzymes

Question 11

Oxidation

Answer 11

Process where cells create energy.

Question 12

Oxidation occurs in the cell during ________ ______?

Answer 12

Cellular respiration

Question 13

Aerobic/anaerobic

Answer 13

Aerobic- uses oxygen

Anaerobic- does not use oxygen

Question 14

3 steps of Cellular Respiration

Answer 14

1. Glycolysis
2. Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs)
3. Electron Transport Chain

Question 15

4 Nucleotide Bases on DNA

Answer 15

Adenine

Thymine

Cytosine

Guanine

Question 16

Long chain of nucleotide bases is twisted into a ________ ?

Answer 16

Double helix

Question 17

Protein Synthesis

Answer 17

1. Transcription
2. Translation
3. DNA replication