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ANAT 200 > Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

Axial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Which part of the cranium is made up of flat bones?

A

The neurocranium

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2
Q

Which part of the cranium is made up of short bones?

A

The viscerocranium (mandible)

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3
Q

What are the two parts of the temporal bone?

A

A hard flat bone and a squamous bone.

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4
Q

What is the name of the bone that looks like a butterfly?

A

Sphenoid

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5
Q

Where is the zygomatic bone located?

A

In your cheek

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6
Q

Where is the ethmoid bone located?

A

Underneath the nose

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7
Q

What is the name of the bone that drains tears from the eye?

A

The lacrimal bone

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8
Q

What is the name of the bone upon which your glasses would rest?

A

The nasal bone

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9
Q

Into which bone do the upper teeth attach?

A

The maxilla

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10
Q

What is the name of the lower jaw bone?

A

The mandible

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11
Q

Which lobe bones does the coronal suture connect?

A

The frontal & parietal bones

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12
Q

Which lobe bones does the lambdoid suture connect?

A

The parietal and occipital bones.

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13
Q

Which lobe bones does the squamous suture connect?

A

The parietal and temporal bones.

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14
Q

Which bone in the skull has a fused midline?

A

The frontal bone.

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15
Q

Which bone forms the lateral side of the orbit?

A

The zygomatic bone

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16
Q

Which bone forms the bottom and medial sides of the orbit?

A

The maxilla

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17
Q

What travels through the optic canal?

A

The optic nerve

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18
Q

What is the name of the bone at the back of the maxilla?

A

The palatine bone

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19
Q

Where is the vomer?

A

At the very back of the nose

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20
Q

What connects the maxilla and temporal bone?

A

The zygomatic arch

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21
Q

From which view of the skull can you see the entire sphenoid bone?

A

The inferior view

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22
Q

What is the foramen magnum?

A

The hole in the skull for the spine.

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23
Q

Which bone surrounds the foramen magnum?

A

The occipital bone.

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24
Q

Which bone attaches to the first spinal vertebrae to create a joint?

A

The occipital condyle

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25
Q

Which opening does the vertebral artery feed the brain through?

A

The occipital condyle

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26
Q

Which canal transmits the internal corotid artery to feed the brain?

A

The carotid canal

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27
Q

Which opening drains the internal jugular vein into the heart?

A

The jugular foramen

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28
Q

What are the three major openings in the skull?

A

The foramen magnum, the carotid canal and the jugular foramen.

29
Q

Which bone contains a space within it for the sinuses?

A

The frontal bone

30
Q

Which two bones meet to form the nasal septum?

A

The vomer and the ethmoid bone.

31
Q

On which bone does the pituitary gland sit?

A

The sphenoid bone’s “saddle”

32
Q

What is the mandibular fossa?

A

Where the mandible forms a joint with the temporal bone.

33
Q

What are the two parts of the temporal bone?

A

The squamous part and the petrous part.

34
Q

What is the external acoustic meatus?

A

The ear hole, which leads to the middle ear deep inside the temporal bone.

35
Q

Where is the ramus of the mandible?

A

On the side of the jaw

36
Q

What is the mandibular condyle?

A

The back of the mandible which forms the synovial temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which opens and closes the mouth.

37
Q

What does the cranial cavity contain?

A

The brain

38
Q

What does the orbit contain?

A

The eyeball

39
Q

What does the nasal cavity contain?/

A

The paranasal sinuses

40
Q

What does the oral cavity contain?

A

The tongue

41
Q

What is a fontanelle and what is its purpose?

A

The area on an infant skull full of fibrous tissue, where sutures will develop. This allows the infant skull to deform while passing through the birth canal.

42
Q

How many vertebrae are in the cervical spine?

A

7 vertebrae

43
Q

How many vertebrae are in the thoracic spine?

A

12 vertebrae

44
Q

How many vertebrae are in the lumbar spine?

A

5 vertebrae

45
Q

How many vertebrae are in the sacral spine?

A

5 vertebrae

46
Q

How many vertebrae are in the coccygeal spine?

A

4 vertebrae

47
Q

Where are the two primary curves in the spine?

A

In the thoracic and sacral regions.

48
Q

Where are the two secondary curves in the spine?

A

In the cervical and lumbar spine.

49
Q

Where are the largest vertebral bodies?

A

In the lumbar spine - gets larger towards the bottom.

50
Q

What does the pedicle in the vertebrae do?

A

Connects the body to the processes.

51
Q

What are the right and left spikes on a vertebrae called?

A

The transverse processes

52
Q

What is the central spike on the vertebrae called?

A

The spinous process

53
Q

What are the processes called that allow for joint formation between vertebrae?

A

The articular processes

54
Q

What is the vertebral foramen?

A

The space in the spinal bones for the spinal cord.

55
Q

What are the intervertebral joints?

A

The discs in between vertebrae

56
Q

What are the zygapophyseal joints and what is their function?

A

They join together the articular processes of each vertebra and allow movement of the spine and neck from side to side.

57
Q

What is the anulus fibrosus of the vertebrae and what does it look like?

A

The cartilage. It looks like tree rings.

58
Q

What is the function of the nuceus pulposus in the vertebrae?

A

It allows for rebound and shock absorption.

59
Q

What is a herniated intervertebral disk?

A

When the anulus fibrosus (cartilage) breaks after too much stress and causes the nucleus pulposus (jelly-like core) to leak out and compress the spinal nerve, which causes pain.

60
Q

Which vertebrae have holes in their transverse processes?

A

The cervical vertebrae

61
Q

How can you tell Atlas (C1) and Axis (C2) apart?

A

C1 looks like a ring, while C2 has a tooth (dens) that fits into C1.

62
Q

What is the atlanto-axial joint and what is its function?

A

The joint between C1 and C2, it allows the head to swing side to side (ie. “no”)

63
Q

What is the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

The joint between the occipital condyles and C1, which allows the head to swing up and down. (ie. “yes”)

64
Q

What makes the thoracic vertebrae distinguishable?

A

They are each attached to a rib on the transverse processes.

65
Q

What is the function of the costovertebral joints?

A

They allow the ribs to move slightly during respiration.

66
Q

What makes the sacral vertebrae distinguishable?

A

They are all fused together into a single bone.

67
Q

What makes the coccyceal vertebrae distinguishable?

A

They are very small and easily broken.

68
Q
A

ANAT 200 (14 decks)

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