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ANAT 200 > Appendicular Musculature > Flashcards

Appendicular Musculature Flashcards

1
Q

All upper body muscles are innervated by the brachial plexus, which is __ to __ of the spinal cord, except the _________ muscle, which is innervated by __ __.

A

Brachial Plexus: C5 to T1

Trapezius: CN XI

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2
Q

What are the multiple actions of the trapezius muscle?

A

Elevation, depression and retraction

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3
Q

What does the levator scapulae of the arm do?

A

It elevates the scapula

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4
Q

What do the rhomboids of the arm do?

A

They retract the scapula

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5
Q

What does the serratus anterior muscle of the arm do?

A

It protracts the scapula

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6
Q

Is the trapezius muscle a superficial or deep muscle?

A

Superficial

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7
Q

The shoulder joint is responsible for ___ degrees of shoulder movement, and the scapula is responsible for the other ___ degrees.

A

shoulder joint = 120

scapula = 60

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8
Q

The trapezius, and serratus anterior form a _____ _____, which allows them to work together. They rotate up & towards the center/down & towards the center

A

Force couple. Rotates up and towards the center

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9
Q

The pectoralis major, deltoideus and subscapularis muscles are all _____ ______s.

A

Medial rotators

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10
Q

The pectoralis major is an arm ________ and the deltoideus is an arm _______. (add-/abductor)

A

pectoralis major = adductor

deltoideus = abductor

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11
Q

What is the largest muscle of the upper limb? What is it used for?

A

The latissimus dorsi - used for climbing and swimming actions

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12
Q

The supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres major and teres minor muscles are located in the _____ _____.

A

Shoulder joint

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13
Q

What are the four rotator cuff muscles?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis
Teres minor

(think: SITS)

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14
Q

Would you use the brachialis, the biceps brachii or the brachioradialis when the arm is supinated?

A

The biceps brachii

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15
Q

Would you use the brachialis, the biceps brachii or the brachioradialis when the arm is pronated?

A

The brachialis

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16
Q

Would you use the brachialis, the biceps brachii or the brachioradialis when the arm is in between pronation and supination?

A

The brachioradialis

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17
Q

What is the medial epicondyle?

A

A common attachment site for arm muscles

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18
Q

Do the flexor and extensor carpi radialis muscles abduct or adduct the arm?

A

Abduct

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19
Q

Do the flexor and extensor carpi ulnaris muscles abduct or adduct the arm?

A

Adduct

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20
Q

Is the flexor carpi radialis or the palmaris longus stronger?

A

The flexor carpi radialis is stronger

21
Q

The flexor retinaculum is a band that forms the roof of the ____ ____.

A

Carpal tunnel

22
Q

What do the flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus do?

A

They flex the fingers (2-5)

23
Q

What does the flexor pollicis longus do?

A

It flexes the thumb

24
Q

How many tendons are in the carpal tunnel?

A

9

25
Q

Which nerve travels through the carpal tunnel? What happens to this nerve in carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

The median nerve. The tissues can swell from overuse, compressing the median nerve.

26
Q

What do the extensor digitorum and the extensor digiti minimi do?

A

They extend the fingers (2-5)

27
Q

Which fingers have a palmar interossei? What does that muscle do?

A

The index, ring and pinky fingers. It adducts the fingers.

28
Q

What do the lumbrical muscles do?

A

They extend the fingers.

29
Q

What does the adductor pollicis do?

A

It adducts the thumb

30
Q

The flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis and abductor pollicis brevis are all ______ muscles, which are used in _________ of the thumb.

A

Thenar muscles, opposition

31
Q

How is thumb adduction/abduction different from fingers?

A

The thumb moves forward from the palm when it adducts, and moves backward towards the palm when it abducts.

32
Q

How many dorsal interossei are there? How are they distributed in the fingers? What do those muscles do?

A

There are 4 dorsal interossei, 1 index, 2 middle and 1 ring. They abduct the fingers.

33
Q

Power grip uses ________, ____ muscles, while precision grip uses ________, ____ muscles.

(intrinsic/extrinsic, long/short)

A

Power: Extrinsic, long
Precision: Intrinsic, short

34
Q

All lower body muscles are innervated by the lumbrosacral plexus, which is __ to __ of the spinal cord

A

L2 to S3

35
Q

The gluteus minimus and medius are thigh a_ductors and rotate ____ally

A

abductors, rotate medially

36
Q

The gluteus maximus rotates ____ally

A

rotates laterally

37
Q

What is the purpose of the lesser gluteal muscles?

A

To keep the pelvis from tilting down on the unsupported side while walking

38
Q

Which muscle is used to climb stairs?

A

The illiopsoas

39
Q

The thigh adductor, flexor and medial rotator are all part of the _______ muscle group.

A

Adductor muscle group

40
Q

The quadriceps femoris is made up of _ vasti and _ rectus femoris. It is used to ____(flex/extend) the leg

A

3 vasti and 1 rectus femoris. Extend.

41
Q

The sartorius muscle in the leg is a leg _____(flexor/extensor)

A

flexor

42
Q

A common attachment site under the gluteus maximus is called the _______ ________

A

ischial tuberosity

43
Q

The semitendinosus is a ____ muscle and the semimembranosus is a ____ muscle. (deep/superficial)

A 
semitendinosus = superficial
semimembranosus = deep
44
Q

The gastrocnemius contains mostly ___er fibers and the soleus contains mostly ___er fibers. (fast/slow)

A 
Gastrocnemius = fast
soleus = slow
45
Q

The calcaneal tendon is also known as the _______ _____.

A

Achilles tendon

46
Q

The peroneus fibularis muscles are located on the _____ side of the calf.

A

Lateral

47
Q

The tibialis anterior muscles are used for ____flexion.

A

dorsiflexion

48
Q

In the feet, the longus muscles attach in the ___ and the brevis muscles attach in the ___.

A

Leg, feet.

ANAT 200 (14 decks)

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