Shoulder Flashcards
What movement is subscapularis responsible for?
Internal rotation
What movement is supraspinatus responsible for?
Initiates abduction of shoulder (first 30 degrees then deltoid)
What movement is infraspinatus and teres minor responsible for?
External rotation of the shoulder
What 3 bones make up the shoulder joint?
- Humerus
- Clavicle
- Scapula
What two joints make up the shoulder?
- Acromioclavicular
2. Glenohumeral
What normally occupies the subacromial space?
Supraspinatus
What pathology can occur in the subacromial space?
Osteophyte growth –> pain and tendernitis (I.e. OA)
What muscles make up the rotator cuff?
SITS- or, from anterior to posterior insertion into the humerus:
- Subscapularis
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres minor
What is the most common type of shoulder dislocation?
Anterior- 95%
What concerns would you have for a patient presenting with a shoulder dislocation?
Risks axillary nerve damage Recurrent dislocation (especially in young patients
How would you assess for axillary nerve damage?
Feel the ‘shoulder badge’ area- look for loss of sensation
What is the usual mechanism of injury for an anterior shoulder dislocation?
Direct trauma or fall onto hand
What is the mechanism of injury for posterior shoulder dislocations?
Direct trauma or muscle contraction (tends to occur in epileptics)
What sign occurs on X-ray of posterior shoulder dislocation?
Lightbulb sign- humeral head appears symmetrical due to external rotation
What is the ddx for a patient presenting with gross decrease in all shoulder movements?
Adhesive capsulitis
OA
