Chapter 11 - The American Revolution

Question 1

What caused the population to grow?

Answer 1

Immigrants from Britain, Ireland and Germany caused the population to grow.

Question 2

How did the colonies become rich?

Answer 2

The colonies became rich due to the production of crops such as tobacco and cotton.

Question 3

What is a constitutional monarchy?

Answer 3

A constitutional monarchy is where there is a king but they had to share their power with the parliament.

Question 4

What was the enlightenment?

Answer 4

The Enlightenment is a time when they began questioning things, especially the ‘divine right of kings’ where they believed a King was chosen by God.

Question 5

How were they treated unfairly by Westminster?

Answer 5

They had no representation as they weren’t allowed to become members of the parliament and the navigation acts were enforced.

Question 6

What were the navigation acts?

Answer 6

Americans were only allowed to sell tobacco to Britain at whatever price the British wanted and they had to buy sugar from the West Indies where the British had planted which cost more.

Question 7

What a was the Stamp Act?

Answer 7

The Stamp Act put a tax on all legal documents and caused difficulty, as it increased the costs of claiming legal title to new lands.

Question 8

What was the Quartering Act?

Answer 8

The Quartering Act was a fee the colonists had to pay to keep the British Army in North America to protect them from Indian attack.

Question 9

What did ‘No Taxation Without Representation’ mean?

Answer 9

The colonists were no longer willing to pay money to Britain, while having no real say in how decisions were made.

Question 10

What were the Townshed Acts?

Answer 10

A series of taxes on everyday items such as tea and glass.

Question 11

What were the short term causes of the American Revolution?

Answer 11

• The Boston Massacre
• The Boston Tea Party
• The First Continental Congress (militia)
• War starts in Lexington and Concord
• The Second Continental Congress (Washington elected)

Question 12

Who was Thomas Paine?

Answer 12

Thomas Paine was the author of Common Sense. His article encouraged people to fight against the British.

Question 13

How many colonies was there at the beginning of the War of Independence?

Answer 13

13, all on the east coast

Question 14

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

Answer 14

Thomas Jefferson

Question 15

What is guerrilla warfare?

Answer 15

Fighting using ambush tactics.

Question 16

What did the Americans do at Valley Forge?

Answer 16

Washington used this time to train his army into a stronger, more powerful fighting machine, capable of taking on the British and regularly defeating them, with the help of Prussian officer Fredrick Von Steuben.

Question 17

Who was Benjamin Franklin?

Answer 17

He was the United States ambassador in Paris who persuaded the French to help America beat the British

Question 18

When did the War of Independence end?

Answer 18

George Washington beat General Cornwallis in Yorktown, Virginia on October 19th 1781

Question 19

What are the key events in the American War of Independence?

Answer 19

Saratoga, French Navy and 6000 soldiers, Concord & Lexington, Valley Forge.

Question 20

What are the consequences of the American War of Independence?

Answer 20

Got independence from Britain, Treaty of Paris, Became a democratic country, Inspired France and Ireland