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Ana > Ch 4 Lec 1 Integumentary System > Flashcards

Ch 4 Lec 1 Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

2 components of integumentary system

A

cutaneous membrane, accessory structures

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2
Q

2 parts of cutaneous membrane

A

epidermis, dermis

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3
Q

hair nails and glands are part of the blank component of integ system

A

accessory structures

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4
Q

Three functions of integ system

A

protect deeper tissues, aid in heat regulation, make vitamin d, aid in excretion of urea and uric acid

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5
Q

stratified squamous epithelium makes up the blank

A

epidermis

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6
Q

epidermis lacks blank

A

blood vessels

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7
Q

outer most layers of epidermis are blank

A

dead

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8
Q

four cell types of epidermis

A

keratinocytes, melanocytes, langerhan, merkel

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9
Q

90 percent of epidermal cells and they provide protection

A

keratinocytes

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10
Q

8 percent of epidermal cells

A

melanocytes

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11
Q

epidermal cell type formed from bone marrow and is part of immune response

A

langerhan cells

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12
Q

epidermal cell type that is in the deepest layer and form touch receptor with sensory neuron

A

merkel cells

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13
Q

stem cells divide to produce blank at the basal blank

A

keratinocytes, lamina

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14
Q

keratinocytes slowly blank when pushed up toward the surface

A

die

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15
Q

keratinization takes this long unless removed by abrasion

A

4 weeks

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16
Q

5 layers of epidermis

A 
stratum germinativum
stratum spinosum
stratum granulosum
stratum lucidum
stratum corneum
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17
Q

Deepest single layer of cells

A

stratum germinativum

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18
Q

Cells attached to each other & to basal lamina by these two things in stratum germinativum

A

desmosomes, hemidesmosomes

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19
Q

8 to 10 cell layers held together by desmosomes

During slide preparation, cells shrink and look spiny

A

stratum spinosum

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20
Q

3 - 5 layers of flat dying cells Show nuclear degeneration

A

stratum granulosum

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21
Q

stratum granulosum contain dark staining blank granules that release lipid that repels water

A

keratohyalin

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22
Q

Seen in thick skin on palms & soles of feet only

Three to five layers of clear, flat, dead cells

A

stratum lucidum

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23
Q

25 to 30 layers of flat dead cells filled with keratin and surrounded by lipids

A

stratum corneum

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24
Q

stratum corneum cells are continuously blank

A

shed

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25
Q

friction of stratum corneum stimulates blank

A

callus formation

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26
Q

Palmer & planter surface
About 30 layers of S. corneum
All 5 layers

A

thick skin

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27
Q

Rest of body surfaces
Fewer layers of S. corneum
No S. lucidum

A

thin skin

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28
Q

forms ridges that extend into the dermis

A

stratum germinativum

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29
Q

blank yolk means good chicke, blank yolk means bad chicken

A

orange, yellow

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30
Q

these increase area of contact for better grip

A

epidermal ridges

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31
Q

this is produced in the epidermis by these cells

A

melanin, melanocytes

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32
Q

everyone has the same blank melanocytes but blank amounts of pigment produced

A

number, different

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33
Q

melanin production is in response to blank hormone

A

melanocyte stimulating

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34
Q

blank in sunlight increases melanin production

A

uv

35
Q

melanocytes convert blank to blank

A

tyrosine, melanin

36
Q

two types of melanin

A

eumelanin, pheomelanin

37
Q

there are blank types of melanin

A

several

38
Q

brown or black melanin

A

eumelanin

39
Q

red brown melanin

A

pheomelanin

40
Q

freckles or liver spots means there are melanocytes blank

A

in a patch

41
Q

benign melanocytes make up a blank aka blank

A

nevus, mole

42
Q

inherited lack of tyrosinase

A

albinism

43
Q

yellow orange pigment that can be in the dermis

A

carotene

44
Q

carotene is found in the blank and blank

A

stratum corneum, subcutaneous

45
Q

carotene and blank are pigments

A

hemoglobin

46
Q

red oxygen carrying pigment in blood cells

A

hemoglobin

47
Q

the dermis has these two layers

A

papillary, reticular

48
Q

there is blank connective tissue in papillary layer

A

areolar ct

49
Q

there are blank in the papillary layer

A

dermal papillae and capillaries and neurons

50
Q

layer of dermis that is the anchoring layer with large vessels, adipocytes, and nerves

A

reticular

51
Q

the connective tissue in reticular layer

A

dense irregular

52
Q

Network of arteries & veins supplying skin

In subcutaneous layer

A

cutaneous plexus

53
Q

Follows epidermal/dermal boundary

Helps nourish epidermal layer

A

papillary plexus

54
Q

Weight gain causes fibers to stretch; they loose elasticity & break which causes

A

stretch marks

55
Q

more weight loss means blank stretch marks

A

more

56
Q

this is also called the superficial fascia / subcutaneous layer

A

hypodermis

57
Q

hypodermis has these two connective tissues

A

areolar, adipose

58
Q

adipose acts as a blank in hypodermis

A

insulator

59
Q

hypodermis blanks skin

A

stabilizes

60
Q

three parts that hair is not on

A

lips, eyelids, plantar, palmar, parts of digits

61
Q

hair number is blank at birth

A

fixed

62
Q

three types of hair

A

vellus, terminal, intermediate

63
Q

peach fuzz hair

A

vellus

64
Q

thicker and darker pigment type of hair

A

terminal

65
Q

hair on your arms type

A

intermediate

66
Q

types of hair on different location blank

A

varies

67
Q

each hair is made up of these three things

A

shaft, root, bulb

68
Q

base of follicle is

A

bulb

69
Q

which penetrates into the dermis

A

root

70
Q

which mostly projects above the surface of the skin

A

shaft

71
Q

each hair consists of these three things

A

cuticle, cortex, medulla

72
Q

hair is made of blank cells

A

dead keratinized epidermal

73
Q

blank which surrounds the root of hair

A

hair follicle

74
Q

has Sensory nerves surrounding follicle

Detect hair movement

A

root hair plexus

75
Q

Smooth muscle
Moves hair
‘goose bumps’

A

arrector pili

76
Q

lasts from 2 to 6 years depending on the body part

matrix cells at base of hair root producing length

A

anagen stage

77
Q

lasts up to 2 weeks

matrix cells inactive & follicle atrophies

A

catagen stage

78
Q

three stages of hair growth

A

anagen, catagen, telogen

79
Q

Hair follicale remains dormant

hair is eventually pushed out by new hair as cycle renews

A

telogen stage

80
Q

result of melanin produced in melanocytes in hair bulb

A

hair color

81
Q

Brown/black hair contains large amounts of

A

eumelanin

82
Q

Blonde hair results from little

A

eumelanin

83
Q

Red hair has high relative

A

pheomelanin

84
Q

blank hair is result of decline of all melanin production

A

gray

Ana (40 decks)

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