Post Midterm 2 - 1 Flashcards
What is physical development like in early childhood?
Body growth slows, shape becomes more streamlined. Skeletal growth continues, lose baby teeth.
How much do they grow in early childhood?
2-3 inches in height, 5 pounds per year.
What is brain development like in early childhood?
Significant brain growth between ages 2-6. Brain grows to 90% of adult size. Reshaping and refining. Overabundance of synaptic connections supports plasticity.
What else happens to the brain in early childhood?
Cognitive skills increase. Physical coordination, perception, attention, memory, language, logical thinking and imagination.
What are the age-related changes in synaptic density? (involved in language processing)
There is a peak around age 2, then it declines.
What happens to the frontal lobes in early childhood?
They develop for planning and organization.
What is the left hemisphere responsible for?
Language skills, handedness.
Differences in rate of development between the two hemisphere suggest what?
That they continue to lateralize during early childhood.
When does handedness begin?
Begins as early as 1 year and strengthens.
What experiences affects handedness?
Position in uterus, practice, culture.
In western nations, what percentage of people are right-handed?
90%
What may cause a shift in handedness? (left handedness)
Early damage to the left hemisphere. However, most left-handers have no developmental problems and are more likely to excel in both verbal and math skills.
How is the brain developed? (what first)
Reticular, cerebellum, emotional control, cerebral cortex, frontal.
What are the influences on physical growth and health?
Heredity, hormones, emotional well-being, nutrition, sleep, infectious disease, childhood injuries.
What happens with low-level lead exposure and children development?
Lead is highly toxic. Elevated blood levels of lead are linked with lower IQ’s and behaviour problems. Persistent childhood exposure can also contribute to antisocial behaviour in adolescence.
