Chapter 4 Respiratory System Flashcards
Diagnosis
Identification of a disease or condition by a scientific evaluation of physical signs, symptoms, history, laboratory test results, and procedures.
[dia- = through, across; gnos=knowing; -is=noun ending]
Pulmonary
Pertaining to the lungs or the respiratory system
[pulmon=lung; -ary=pertaining to]
respiration
molecular exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body’s tissues; also called “breathing” “pulmonary ventilation” or “ventilation”
Thoracic
pertaining to the thorax or thoracic cage (bony enclosure formed by the sternum, costal cartilages, ribs, and the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae)
[thorac=chest; -ic=pertaining to
vascular
pertaining to a blood vessel
[vascul=vessel; -ar=pertaining to]
pulmonology
specialty of study that deals with the treatment of diseases involoving the structures of the lower respiratory tract: lungs, airways, and chest wall. aka “pulmonary medicine”
pulmonologist
medical doctor who treat respiratory disorders
pulmonary disorders
ex: asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, occupational or industrial lung disease, pulmonary vascular disease. also includes specialized ventilator support and lung transplantation.
Dx: pulmonary function tests, arterial blood gas analysis, chest x-rays, chemical or microbiological tests.
respiratory system
nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs, and breathing muscles.
external respiration
oxygen is inhaled into the lungs and absorbed into the bloodstream, carbon dioxide leaves the bloodstream and enters the lungs where it is expelled during exhalation
internal respiration
oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged at the cellular level. O2 leaves the bloodstream and is delivered to the tissue cells where it is used for energy. in exchange, CO2 enters the bloodstream from the tissues adn is transported back to the lungs for removal.
