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SOCI 388 > Test #3 > Flashcards

Test #3 Flashcards

1
Q

Four subcategories of murder and nonnegligent manslaughter

A
  1. ) First-degree murder - “malice aforethought”
  2. ) Second-degree murder
  3. ) Voluntary manslaughter
  4. ) Involuntary manslaughter
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2
Q

2 kinds of assaut

A
  1. ) Aggravated assault

2. ) Simple assault

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3
Q

Main difference between first degree and second degree murder

A

Premeditation - did they plan to kill ahead of time or nah

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4
Q

Killings that are considered less serious or less blame worthy but still not justifiable

A

Manslaughter

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5
Q

Killings committed out of intensive feelings like fear or anger

A

Voluntary manslaughter

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6
Q

Consensual crimes involve people who…

A

Participate in these behaviors willingly

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7
Q

South American Indians chewed…

A

Coca leaves

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8
Q

People in ancient China, Greece and India smoked…

A

Marijuana

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9
Q

Any substance that affects behavior by changing mood, emotion or perception

A

Psychoactive drug

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10
Q

Prevalence of Legal Drug Use includes…

A

Caffeine, Valium, tobacco, alcohol

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11
Q

Close to ____% of people of 12 years or older have used illegal drugs at least once in their lifetime

A

50%

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12
Q

Each year ________ are spent on illegal drugs

A

Billions

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13
Q

What demographic is illegal drug use more commonly found in?

A

Young Adults

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14
Q

Drug use is much lower now as opposed to…

A

1970s and 1980s

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15
Q

Data suggests low illegal drug use is….

A

Misleading

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16
Q

Explaining illegal drug use has sparked a theory that it is an

A

Urban phenomenon

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17
Q
  • Severe deprivation creates despair
  • Social process factors such as peer influence
  • Unstable family
A

Economic deprivation and drug use

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18
Q

Females are more likely than males to

A

Use drugs to cope with depression

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19
Q

Economic motivation to use is different for

A

Men and women

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20
Q

In the 1980s and 1990s prosecutions of..

A

pregnant women using illegal drugs rose

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21
Q

T/F

Women use less than men but not by much

A

True

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22
Q

A correlation between illegal drug use and

A

Crime

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23
Q

T/F

Correlation may be spurious

A

True

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24
Q

A relationship caused by something else

A

Spurious

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25
Q

Illegal drug users associate with others that may be..

A

Involved in other types of crime

26
Q

There are _______ and ______ effects on drug users may lead them to commit crime

A

Physiological and psychological

27
Q

An exampled of a spurious correlation may be if someone commits a crime such as a robbery…

A

To pay for a drug habit

28
Q

________ precedes drug use

A

Delinquency

29
Q

Some scholars argue no _______ relationship between drugs and violence

A

Systematic

30
Q

One psychoactive drug linked to interpersonal violence is a legal drug…

A

Alcohol

31
Q

Do drugs cause crime?

A

Only if you’re talking about alochol - generally no if we’re talking about illegal drugs

32
Q

2 arguments of the legalization debate

A
  1. ) The philosophical argument

2. ) The social science argument

33
Q

Most deadly drug

A

Tobacco

34
Q

Second most deadly drug

A

Alcohol

35
Q

Legal drugs (tobacco, alcohol, caffeine) kills about ______ deaths

A

537,000

36
Q

Illegal drugs are linked to ______ death

A

17,000

37
Q

The belief of the social science argument is that..

A

There is harm in current drug laws

38
Q

Drug laws create the very crime and…

A

Other problems intended to stop

39
Q

The social science argument believes legalization…

A

Would reduce violence

40
Q

Drug laws create what 3 things?

A
  1. ) Disrespect
  2. ) Contempt for the law
  3. ) Official corruption
41
Q

It costs billions of dollars to enforce even though….

A

Millions still use

42
Q

When marijuana was decriminalized in many states in 1970s…

A

Usage did not go up

43
Q

Drug use is treated as a _____ ______ _____ not as a crime problem

A

Public health problem

44
Q

Using treatment instead of

A

Incarceration

45
Q

Drug courts sentence drug users to ______ rather than jail

A

Treatment

46
Q

Harm reduction and drug courts…

A

Saves money

47
Q

Sexual offenses that are considered consensual crime

A

1,) Prostitution

2.) Pornography

48
Q

Houses of prostitution were common in England and U.S.

A

Brothels

49
Q

Began in the U.S. about 1910 against prostitution

A

Moral crusade

50
Q

Most prostitutes are

A

Women

51
Q

Most male prostitutes serve…

A

Male clintele

52
Q

Some scholars say prostitution symbolizes ways in which a society

A

Victimizes women

53
Q

Prostitution serves as a

A

Source of income for poor women

54
Q

Opponents of legalization for prostitution say…

A

It is immoral

55
Q

Some feminists argue the expansions of prostitution would

A

Victimize women further

56
Q

Derivative of Greek word pornogrpahos meaning writing of prostitutes

A

Pornography

57
Q

Feminists oppose pornography because of…

A

Male domination issues

58
Q

Depicts sexual violence against women

A

Violent pornography

59
Q

Depicts respectful nudity and consensual loving interactions between adults

A

Erotica

60
Q

Growth of Gambling…

A

Becoming more socially acceptable as well as legal across the US

SOCI 388 (4 decks)

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