Hearing Loss

Question 1

What are the reasons for hearing loss?

Answer 1

Flying/traveling
Infection
Aging

Question 2

3 Segments of the Ear

Answer 2

Outer
Middle
Inner

Question 3

What parts are involved in sensorineural hearing loss?

Answer 3

Inner ear
Cochlea
Auditory nerve

Question 4

What parts are involved in conductive hearing loss?

Answer 4

Any cause that limits external sound into the inner ear

Question 5

What is mixed hearing loss?

Answer 5

Combination of sensorineural and conductive hearing loss

Question 6

Outer Ear Causes of Hearing Loss

Answer 6

Congenital: microtia
Infection: otitis externa
Trauma: penetrating trauma to external auditory canal
Tumor: SCC
Benign tumor growths: exostosis and osteoma
Systemic disease: DM or immunocompromised
Cerumen

Question 7

Define Exostosis

Answer 7

Multiple bony growths within the ear canal due to exposure to cold water

Question 8

Define Osteoma

Answer 8

Bony growth along the typano-ossicle suture line

Question 9

Middle Ear Causes of Hearing Loss

Answer 9

Congenital: malformation/fixation of oxxicles
ET dysfunction: viral infection, sinusitis, allergies
Infection: otitis media
Tumors: cholesteatoma
Otosclerosis
Tympanic membran perforation
Bartrauma

Question 10

Define Otosclerosis

Answer 10

Bony overgrowth of the footplate of the stapes

Question 11

Inner Ear Causes of Hearing Loss

Answer 11

Non-hereditary congenital: insult to cochlea, viral infections
Hereditary congenital: Mondini
Presbycusis: old age
Infection: viral
Miner disease
Trauma: skull culture
Tumors: acoustic neuroma
Ototoxic Drugs

Question 12

Define Mondini

Answer 12

Cochlea only turns 1.5 times instead of the normal 2.5 times

Question 13

Types of Ototoxic Drugs

Answer 13

Aminoglycosides
Erythromycin
Tetracycline
Cisplatin

Question 14

Symptoms of Hearing Loss Include

Answer 14

Unilater/bilateral hearing deficit
Difficulty understanding speech, conversations, TV/radio
Social withdrawal

Question 15

Weber test lateralized to the “good” ear

Answer 15

Sensorineural hearing loss

Question 16

Weber test lateralized to the “bad” ear

Answer 16

Conduction hearing loss

Question 17

BC > AC + Weber test lateralizes to that side

Answer 17

Conduction hearing loss

Question 18

Weber lateralizes to ear which Rinne is normal but contralateral Rinne test is abnormal

Answer 18

Sensorineural hearing loss

Question 19

Examination of the Ear

Answer 19

Pneumoscopy

Formal audiologic assessment

Question 20

Non-mobile TM in Pneumoscopy

Answer 20

Fluid/mass in middle ear

Stiff or sclerotic TM

Question 21

Hypermobile TM in Pneumoscopy

Answer 21

Ossicular chain disruption

Question 22

Treatment of Congenital in Conductive Hearing Loss

Answer 22

Surgery if possible

Bone conduction hearing aide

Question 23

Treatment of Infections in Conductive Hearing Loss

Answer 23

Antibiotics

Question 24

Treatment of Trauma in Conductive Hearing Loss

Answer 24

Surgery if possible

Question 25

Treatment of Otosclerosis in Conductive Hearing Loss

Answer 25

Surgery to replace immobile stapes

Hearing aide

Question 26

Treatment of Trauma in Conductive Hearing Loss

Answer 26

Corticosteroids

Question 27

Treatment of Trauma in Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Answer 27

Corticosteroids

Question 28

Treatment of Menieres Disease in Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Answer 28

Low-sodium diet
Diuretics
Corticosteroids

Question 29

Treatment of Tumors in Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Answer 29

Surgery

Radiation

Question 30

Treatment of Irreversible Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Answer 30

Hearing aides

Cochlear implant