Ankle Joint and Foot Flashcards

1
Q

What three bones make up the ‘proper ankle joint’? What movement does this allow?

A

Tibia, fibula and talus. This is a hinge joint that allows movement in one plane, dorsiflexion and plantarflexion.

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2
Q

What is the subtalar joint? What movement occurs?

A

Joint between the inferior talus and calcaneous bones. Here inversion and eversion occurs.

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3
Q

Why is dorsiflexion more stable then plantarflexion?

A

Because the dome of the talus is wider anteriorly, fitting better into the joint in the dorsiflexed position.

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4
Q

What ligaments stabilise the ankle joint?

A
anterior/posterior tibiofibular ligament
interosseous ligament (interosseous membrane)

Lateral Ligaments: Ant/post talofibular ligament and calcaneofibular ligament

Deltoid Ligament

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5
Q

What runs posterior to the lateral malleolus?

A

structures from lateral compartment

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6
Q

What runs posterior to the medial malleolus?

A

Structures from posterior compartment

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7
Q

What would be the outcome of a syndesmotic or fibula break in regards to the joint? What could this lead to?

A

The talus would have increased space to freely move. This will likely result in articular cartilage damage, early onset arthritis

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8
Q

What is the nervous supply to the foot?

A

Medial and lateral plantar nerves from the tibial nerve

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9
Q

What is the arterial supply to the foot?

A

Medial and lateral plantar arteries from Posterior tibial artery (and dorsalis pedis)

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10
Q

Is the deltoid or lateral ligaments stronger/tougher?

A

The deltoid ligaments

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11
Q

What makes up the syndesmotic tibiofibular joint

A

Interosseous membrane and ant/post tibiofibular ligaments

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12
Q

The part of the talus that articulates with the tibia/fibula is?

A

The ‘tala dome’ or ‘dome of talus’

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13
Q

Purpose of calcaneous?

A

To support/stabilize the talus

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14
Q

Sustentaculum Tali

A

The sustentaculum tali is a medial projecting prominence of the calcaneus,, that specifically supports the HEAD of the talus

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15
Q

How many layers of the plantar surface of the foot are there, and how are they numbered

A

Four. They are numbered 1-4, from superficial to deep.

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16
Q

What is special about the second plantar layer of the foot

A

The posterior compartment tendons come in her, as well as the neurovascular bundle