4B Regions of the Brain!!!

Question 1

WHat are the 3 main regions of the brain? (F<M<H) ANd where are each located

Answer 1

• Forebrain - top
• Mindbrain - centre
• Hindbrain - base

Question 2

Defintion of the Brain?

Answer 2

is a complex organ contained within the skull that coordinates mental processes and behaviour and regulates bodily activity

Question 3

What is the hindbrain responsible for?

Answer 3

for BASIC survival functions such as:
- regulate the sleep-wake cycle
- regulating automatic functions -> Breathing, heart rate, and digestion
- coordination of muscle movements

Question 4

What is the midbrain responsible for?

Answer 4

for RELAYING messages between the H + F :
- filtering and directing sensory info
- regulating arousal and alterness

Question 5

What is the forebrain responsible for?

Answer 5

for complex MENTAL PROCESSES such as:
- decision-making
- problem solving
- processing sensory info
- initiating voluntary movement
- attention and filtering sensory info
*** - aintaing the body’s stable biological state –> homeostasis

Question 6

There are 3 things in the HINDBRAIN. What are they, and what do they do? (P, M, C)

Answer 6

Pons - relay info between brain areas

Medulla - regulates automatic processes

Cerebellum - where coordination, movement and balance come from

Question 7

There is 1 main thing in the MIDBRAIN, what is it and what does it do? (RF)

Answer 7

Reticular Formation - network of neurons that extend along the brainstem

–> it filters neural info and directs it to different parts of the brain, eg. sleep, wakefulness, consciousness and alterness + arousal

Question 8

There are 3 things in the FOREBRAIN. What are they, and what do they do? (C, H, T)

Answer 8

Cerebrum - coordinates mental processes, perception, judgement, language, and problem solving (receives and processes sensory info in voluntary motor movements)

Hypothalamus - regulates bio functioning
eg: - hormone levels
- hunger and thirst
- body temp
- blood pressure

Thalamus - involved in emotional and motivational behaviour
- pleasure seeking
- pain averting behaviour

Question 9

Cerebral cortex defintion?

Answer 9

The thin outer layer of the cerebrum that covers the brain

Question 10

What are the 4 parts of the cerebral cortex?

Answer 10

Frontal, Parietal, Occipital and Temporal

Question 11

Definition of Frontal Lobe?

Answer 11

the largest of the cerebral cortex that compiles of both MOTOR and ASSOCIATIOn areas.

It involves: -planning
-udgment
-problem - solving
- regulation of emotions
-production and articulation of speech

Question 12

What 4 roles are within the FRONTAL lobe?

Answer 12

1. Prefrontal Cortex (A)
2. Premotor Cortex (M)
3. Primary Motor Cortex (M)
4. Broca’s area (A)

Question 13

What are the 3 areas within the cerebral cortex? (M, S, A)

Answer 13

Motor Areas - regions that relate to INITIATING and EXECUTING motor movements

Sensory Area - regions that relate to RECEIVING and PROCESSING sensory Info

Association Areas- regions that integrate info from BOTH motor and sensory areas to execute COMPLEX MENTAL PROCESSES

Question 14

Definition of Prefrontal Cortex? (smart? and motor) F

Answer 14

1. Prefrontal Cortex (A) = involved in logic, reason, decision making, personality, in judgment, and planning motor movement

Question 15

Definition of Premotor Cortex (involuntary WHAT) (+ sends WHAT) F

Answer 15

2. Premotor Cortex (M) = involuntary motor movements controlled by the prefrontal cortex –> sends a sequence of motions carried out by the primary motor cortex

Question 16

Definition of Primary Motor Cortex (relays what) F

Answer 16

3. Primary Motor Cortex (M) = receives sequences of motion from premotor cortex and signals to the cerebellum to RELAY this motor info to skeletal muscle

Question 17

Definition Contralateral Organisation

Answer 17

When the left Primary motor Cortex controls the right side of the body and the right Primary motor Cortex controls the left side of the body

Question 18

Definition of Broca’s area?

Answer 18

Responsible for speech production and language… ONLY FOUND IN THE LEFT FRONTAL LOBE
- coordination of mouth muscle movement to produce fluent speech using the tongue, lips, jaws, and vocal cords

Question 19

Broca’s Aphasia is damage to the Broca’s area where …

Answer 19

their is -halted speech pattern
- difficulty speaking FULL sentences
-can still understand and has awareness of what they are saying

Question 20

Definition of Parietal Lobe?

Answer 20

involved in sensing the position of our body in space, spatial reasoning, and perception of 3D objects

Question 21

What is the one role within the Parietal Lobe (PSC )?

Answer 21

Primary Somatosensory cortex - involved in receiving and processing sensation: touch, pressure, temperature, pain from the body

Question 22

Definition of Occipital Lobe?

Answer 22

entirely concerned with visual perspective and processing visual info

Question 23

What is the one role within the Occipital Lobe? (PVC)

Answer 23

Primary Visual Cortex - role in receiving and processing visual information from the visual field

Question 24

Definition of Temporal Lobe?

Answer 24

lower region of the brain that involves hearing, language understanding and memory

Question 25

What are the two roles within the Temporal Lobe?

Answer 25

1. Primary Auditory Cortex - receives and processes auditory info -VERBAL words in left hemisphere - NON VERBAL music in right hemisphere 2. Wernicke's area - responsible for language comphrension (in Left temporal lobe)