4D's of diagnosis

Question 1

what is deviance?

Answer 1

someone breaks social norms making them abnormal eg hearing voices

Question 2

statistical deviation?

Answer 2

-those in society who have a characteristic which is infrequent or abnormal eg sz only effects 1% of population
-more than 2 sd from mean is considered abnormal

Question 3

What is deviance affected by?

Answer 3

-culture: different social norms
-context: eg clothes worn in certain situation
-Age: certain behaviours expected by different age groups
-Gender: certain behaviours expected in males vs females
-historical context: eg behaviours considered abnormal then such as homosexuality

Question 4

What is dysfunction?

Answer 4

inability to function normally and carry out day to day tasks
eg not going to work due to low mood with depression

Question 5

dysfunction behaviors

Answer 5

-suffering
-maladaptiveness
-vividness/unconventional behavior
-unpredictability+loss of control
-causes discomfort in others
-irrational

Question 6

what is distress

Answer 6

-a behaviour is abnormal due to the upset it causes the individual and others
-can be thought of as a continuum: everyone feels distress but persistent and serious stress is abnormal

Question 7

what is Danger

Answer 7

-people who are a danger to themselves or others
-can be thought of as a continuum(varying degrees)