4th exam

Question 1

Contraction of afferent arterioles cause

Answer 1

decreased filtration, caused by sympathetic secretion of angiotensin II

Question 2

What is the normal pH, HCO3 concentration and PCO2?

Answer 2

7.4 , 24 and 40

Question 3

net filtration is given by 1 favoring force (________) - 2 opposing forces (_________ and _________)

Answer 3

(pressure in glomerular capillaries GC) - (pressure in bowmans capsules and oncotic pressure in glomerular capillaries πGC)

Question 4

Aldosterone ______ Na absorption in the ______

Answer 4

increases, distal tubes

Question 5

The absorption of ions occur mainly in

Answer 5

proximal tubules

Question 6

Conducting zone is made up of

Answer 6

trachea, bronchi and bronchioles

Question 7

P50 and affinity of Hb to O2 are _______ related

Answer 7

inversely

Question 8

4 factors that increase P50 (move to the right)

Answer 8

Low pH, high temperature, CO2 and 2,3 DPG

Question 9

breathing control centers receive information from

Answer 9

central chemoreceptor, peripheral chemoreceptors, stretch and joint mechano receptors

Question 10

central chemoreceptors respond to

Answer 10

changes in the CSF, to H+

Question 11

peripheral chemoreceptors respond to

Answer 11

blood composition, mainly PO2 if <60

Question 12

Hering breuer effect is

Answer 12

decreasing rate by prolonging expiration

Question 13

ADH (antidiuretic hormone) causes

Answer 13

increases Na and water reabsorption in loop of henle
more concentrated urine, increase in water and urea permeability

Question 14

thiazide diuretics:

Answer 14

inhibit NaCl cotransporter in distal tubules to increase excretion

Question 15

what is the effect of PTH

Answer 15

Decrease reabsorption of phosphate and increase reabsorption of Ca

Question 16

High Na causes

Answer 16

ECF expansion, higher blood volume and pressure and filtration and edema

Question 17

Na intake causes

Answer 17

decreased sympathetic activity, dilation of afferent arterioles, increase in excretion, decrease rennin angiotensin

Question 18

fixed acids are

Answer 18

produced in metabolism, as sulfuric and phosphoric, or salycilic

Question 19

_______ is the most important ECF buffer and ________ is the most important in tubules in kidney

Answer 19

bicarbonate, inorganic phosphate

Question 20

acidosis can be

Answer 20

metabolic if HCO3 (bicarbonate) is lower than 24 or
respiratory if PCO2 is higher than 40

Question 21

alkalosis can be

Answer 21

metabolic if HCO3 is higher than 24
or respiratory if PCO2 is lower than 40

Question 22

renal compensation of acidosis is

Answer 22

increase reabsorption of bicarbonate