5 Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is diffusion?
The spreading out of the particles of a gas or any substance in solution, resulting in net movement from high to low concentration.
What factors affect the rate of diffusion?
- Difference in concentrations
- Temperature
- Available surface area
What is the net movement in diffusion?
Particles moving in minus particles moving out.
How does temperature affect diffusion?
An increase in temperature causes particles to move more quickly, resulting in faster diffusion.
What substances move in and out of cells by diffusion?
- Glucose
- Urea
- Oxygen
- Carbon dioxide
What characterizes a dilute solution of sugar?
High concentration of water (solvent) and low concentration of sugar (solute).
What characterizes a concentrated solution of sugar?
High concentration of sugar and low concentration of water.
What is osmosis?
The movement of water across a partially permeable membrane from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution.
What does it mean when a solution is isotonic to the cell?
The concentration of solutes in the solution outside the cell is the same as the internal concentration.
How do cells increase the rate of diffusion?
By increasing the surface area of the cell membrane.
What is the relationship between concentration difference and the speed of diffusion?
A larger difference in concentration results in faster diffusion.
Fill in the blank: The cytoplasm of a cell is made up of chemicals dissolved in water inside a _______.
[partially permeable cell membrane]
