5-21 Respiratory system Flashcards
(35 cards)
3 functions:
Brings in air, adds O₂ to blood, removes CO₂
The respiratory system:
Lungs and structures for gas exchange—brings in air, removes waste gases
Lungs consist of:
Conducting system, Pleura, Diaphragm
Nasal Cavity Function
Warms, moistens, filters air with cilia
Nasal Cavity Structure:
Septa layers with cilia
Pharynx Structure:
Throat where nose and mouth combine
Pharynx Function：
Directs food to stomach, air to larynx
Larynx Structure
Contains vocal cords (Adam’s apple in males)
Larynx Function:
Produces voice as air passes through
Trachea Structure:
Rings of hyaline cartilage and tissue
Trachea Function:
Windpipe that carries air to lungs
Bronchi Structure
The trachea divides into two bronchi. Each bronchus feeds one of the lungs.
Bronchi Function
Keep air flowing into lungs
Bronchioles Structure:
Smaller branches from bronchi
Bronchioles Function:
The bronchioles deliver air to be diffused by the alveoli
Alveoli Structure:
Tiny sacs at bronchiole ends for gas exchange
Alveoli Function:
Site of O₂ and CO₂ exchange
Pleura
Covers lungs; fluid-filled gap allows expansion
Diaphragm
Smooth muscle; contracts/relaxes to help breathing
The respiratory system functions to remove carbon dioxide from the blood. Happens by…
CO2 production, CO2 diffuses into the bloodstream, CO2 enters the lungs
What is ventilation
Ventilation (V) is the amount of air that is inspired and expired (breathed in and out) during 1 minute.
How is ventilation calculated?
V (L/Min) = Tidal Volume (L/Breath) * Respiratory rate (breaths/min)
Inspiration:
Diaphragm pulls down, ribs move out, chest expands
Expiration:
Diaphragm relaxes, ribs drop, air pushed out
