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CSC 102 > 5 - Database Processing > Flashcards

5 - Database Processing Flashcards

Information Technology concepts and vocab

1
Q

Access

A

A popular personal and small workgroup DBMS product from Microsoft.

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2
Q

Bigtable

A

A nonrelational data store developed by Google.

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3
Q

Cassandra

A

A durable, nonrelational data store that operates over hundreds of thousands of servers.

Originally developed by Facebook and later turned over to the open source community; it has become an Apache Top Level Project.

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4
Q

Columns

A

Also called fields, or groups of bytes.

A database table has multiple columns that are used to represent the attributes of an entity.

Examples are PartNumber, EmployeeName and Sales Data.

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5
Q

Database

A

A self-describing collection of integrated records.

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6
Q

Database Administration

A

A person or department that develops procedures to ensure efficient and orderly multi-user processing of the database, to control database structure, or to protect the database.

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7
Q

Database application

A

A collection of forms, reports, queries, and application programs that facilitates users’ processing of the database.

A database can be processed by many different database applications.

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8
Q

Database Management System (DBMS)

A

A program for creating, processing, and administering a database.

A DBMS is a large and complex program that is licensed like an operating system.

Microsoft Access and Oracle databases are example DBMS products.

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9
Q

Durability

A

A condition of a data store in which, once data is committed to the data store, it won’t be lost even in the presence of network or computer failure.

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10
Q

Dynamo

A

A nonrelational data store developed by Amazon.com

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11
Q

Elastic

A

In cloud computing, the situation that exists when the amount of resources leased can be dynamically increased or decreased, programmatically, in a short span of time, and organizations only pay for the resources they use.

This term was first used this way by Amazon.com.

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12
Q

Fields

A

Also called columns, groups of bytes on a database table

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13
Q

Byte

A
  1. 8-bit chunks of data
  2. Characters of data
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14
Q

File

A

A group of similar rows or records

in a database, sometimes called a table.

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15
Q

Foreign Keys

A

A column or group of columns used to represent relationships.

Values of the foreign key match the values of the primary key in a different (aka foreign) table.

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16
Q

Form

A

Data entry forms are used to read, insert, modify, and delete database data.

17
Q

Graphical Queries

A

Queries in which criteria are created when the user clicks on a graphic.

18
Q

Key

A
  1. A column or group of columns that identifies a unique row in a table, also referred to as a Primary Key
  2. A number used to encrypt data. The encryption algorithm applies the key to the original message to produce the coded message.

Decoding (decrypting) a message is similar, a key is applied to the coded message to recover the original text.

19
Q

Lost-update Problem

A

A problem that exists in database applications in which two users update the same data item, but only one of the changes is recorded in the data.

Can be resolved using locking.

20
Q

Metadata

A

Data that describes data

21
Q

MongoDB

A

An open-source, document-oriented, non-relational DBMS.

22
Q

Multi-user Processing

A

When multiple users process the database at the same time.

23
Q

MySQL

A

A popular open-source DBMS product that is license-free for most applications

24
Q

NoSQL DBMS

A

Software data management products that support very high transaction rates processing relatively simple data structures, replicated on many (maybe thousands) of servers in the cloud.

NotRelational DBMS is a more appropriate term.

25
Q

Oracle Database

A

A popular, enterprise-class DBMS product from Oracle corporation.

26
Q

Primary Key

A

One or more columns in a relation whose values identify a unique row of that relation.

Also known as a key.

27
Q

Query

A

A request for data from a database

28
Q

Records

A

Also called rows

Groups of columns in a database table

29
Q

Relation

A

More formal name for a database table

30
Q

Relational database

A

Databases that store data in the form of “relations” (tables with certain restrictions) and that represents record relationships using foreign keys.

31
Q

Report

A

A presentation of data in a structured, meaningful context

32
Q

Rows

A

Also called records

Groups of columns in a database table

33
Q

SQL Server

A

A popular enterprise-class DBMS product licensed by Microsoft

34
Q

SQL

(Structured Query Language)

A

An international standard language for processing database data.

35
Q

Table

A

Also called a file

Groups of similar rows or records in a database

CSC 102 (12 decks)

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