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CIS 110: Introduction to Computers > 5: System Software - Operating Systems and Utility Programs > Flashcards

5: System Software - Operating Systems and Utility Programs Flashcards

1
Q

programs, such as the operating system, that control the operation of a computer and its devices, as well as enable application software to run on the computer

A

system software

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2
Q

programs that enable users to perform specific tasks on a computer, such as writing a letter or playing a game

A

application software

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3
Q

the main component of system software that enables a computer to operate, manage its activities and the resources under its control, run application programs, and interface with the user

A

operating system

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4
Q

the essential portion, or core, of an operating system

A

kernel

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5
Q

a program that enables an operating system to communicate with a specific hardware device

A

device driver (AKA driver)

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6
Q

the capability of an operating system to run more than one program at one time

A

multitasking

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7
Q

a memory-management technique that uses hard drive space as additional RAM

A

virtual memory

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8
Q

an area in RAM or on the hard drive designated to hold data that is used by different hardware devices or programs that may operate at different speeds

A

buffer

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9
Q

the process of placing items in a buffer so the appropriate device can retrieve them when needed

A

buffering

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10
Q

a graphically based interface that allows a user to communicate instructions to the computer easily

A

graphical user interface (GUI)

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11
Q

a user interface that requires the user to communicate instructions to the computer via typed commands

A

command line interface

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12
Q

AKA desktop operating system - a type of operating system designed to be installed on a single personal computer

A

personal operating system

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13
Q

AKA network operating system - a type of operating system designed to be installed on a network server

A

server operating system

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14
Q

a type of operating system used with mobile phones and other mobile devices

A

mobile operating system

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15
Q

a type of operating system incorporated into devices, such as cars and consumer devices

A

embedded operating system

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16
Q

the operating system designed for and widely used on early IBM and IBM-compatible PCs

A

DOS (Disk Operating System)

17
Q

the primary personal computer operating system developed by Microsoft Corporation

A

Windows

18
Q

components of the Windows start screen interface that represent apps and are clicked to launch that app

A

tiles

19
Q

the operating system used on Apple computers

A

Mac OS

20
Q

an operating system developed in the late 1960s for midrange servers and mainframes - many variations of this operating system are in use today

A

UNIX

21
Q

an open source operating system that is available without charge over the Internet and is increasingly being used with mobile devices, personal computers, servers, mainframes, and supercomputers

A

Linux

22
Q

the version of Windows designed for mobile phones

A

Windows Phone

23
Q

the version of Windows designed for media tablets

A

Windows RT

24
Q

a family of operating systems based on Windows that is designed for non-personal computer devices, such as cash registers and consumer electronic devices

A

Windows Embedded

25
Q

a Linux-based operating system designed for mobile devices and developed by the Open Handset Alliance, which is a group of companies led by Google

A

Android

26
Q

the operating system designed for Apple mobile phones and mobile devices

A

iOS

27
Q

the operating system designed for BlackBerry devices

A

BlackBerry OS

28
Q

a type of software that performs a specific task, usually related to managing or maintaining a computer system

A

utility program

29
Q

a utility program that enables the user to perform file management tasks, such as copying and deleting files

A

file management program

30
Q

the file management program built into the Windows operating systems

A

File Explorer

31
Q

a utility program designed to search for files on the user’s hard drive

A

search tool

32
Q

a program that reduces the size of files, typically to be stored or transmitted more efficiently

A

file compression program

33
Q

a duplicate copy of data or other computer content in case the original version is destroyed

A

backup

34
Q

the means by which an operating system or any other program interacts with the user

A

user interface

35
Q

allows multiple documents to be sent to the printer at one time and to print, one after the other, in the background while the computer and user are performing other tasks

A

spooling

36
Q

programs that protect against someone accessing your computer via the Internet or a wireless connection

A

firewall programs

37
Q

programs that protect against malicious software being installed on your computer

A

antivirus programs

CIS 110: Introduction to Computers (9 decks)

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