5. Temperature Regulation II Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is the difference between acclimatization and acclimation?
Acclimatization occurs in nature, while acclimation occurs in the lab.
What is phenotypic plasticity?
The capacity of an organism to modify processes to function in a new environment.
What is selective extracellular freezing?
A process where some ectotherms control ice crystal formation extracellularly to avoid damage.
What do some ectotherms produce to lower the freezing point of water?
Antifreeze-like substances, such as ammonia.
How does temperature affect enzyme activity?
Increased temperature causes increased molecular motion, leading to a higher reaction rate until denaturation occurs.
What happens to membranes and cell structures as temperature changes?
Membranes become more fluid with increased temperature and more rigid as temperature decreases.
What are heat shock proteins?
Stress proteins produced in response to temperature changes that assist in folding denatured proteins.
How many calories of heat are lost per gram of water evaporated at 20 degrees?
580 calories.
By how much can evaporative heat loss increase heat loss?
20 times.
When is evaporative heat loss particularly important?
During exercise when heat production rises dramatically.
