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PAtho > Self study 5 > Flashcards

Self study 5 Flashcards

1
Q

2 types of tumors in renal ca

A

wilms tumor

renal cell carcinoma

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2
Q

2 types of tumors in renal ca

A

wilms tumor

renal cell carcinoma

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3
Q

when does wilms tumor usually present

A

peds age 2-5yo

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4
Q

what is wilms tumor composed of

A

elements that are similar to normal fetal tissue: blastemic, stromal, epithelial tissue

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5
Q

what congential abns is wilms assoc with

A

anridia
hemihypertrophy
other abns of GI

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6
Q

anridia

A

abesnce or iris

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7
Q

hemihypertrophy

A

enlargement of one side of face or body

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8
Q

what gene has a mutation that causes wilms

A

wilms tumor gene on chr 11

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9
Q

characteristics of wilms tumor

A

solitary mass, sharply demarcated and encapsulated in kindey.
grows to large size

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10
Q

stage 1 wilsm tumor

A

limited to kidney

can be excised

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11
Q

stage 2 wilms tumor

A

extend to renal capsule and can be excised

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12
Q

stage 3 wilms tumor

A

extend to abdomen

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13
Q

stage 4 wilms tumor

A

mets to lung

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14
Q

presentation wilsm tumor

A

lage asymsymptomatic abd mass, pain, vomiting, heamturia, htn

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15
Q

tx for wilms tumor

A

sx, chemo, radiatio

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16
Q

what percent of renal cell carcinoma is clear cell carcinoma

A

60%

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17
Q

what % of RCC is chromophobic tumor

A

5-10%

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18
Q

what % of RCC is onocytomas

A

5-10%

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19
Q

what % of RCC are collectiing duct tumors

A
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20
Q

characteristics of clear cell carcinoma

A

clear cytoplasm, chr 3 deletion, arise from proximal tubular cells

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21
Q

et RCC

A

tumors affect poles, mostly upper pole

unclear

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22
Q

risk factors for RCC

A

smoking
kidney cancer
obseity (esp women)
occupational exposure to petroleum, heavy metals, asbestor,
acquired cystic kidney disease assoc with renal insuff

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23
Q

mnfts of early RCC

A

silent in early stages. symptoms mean advanced

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24
Q

mnfts late RCC

A

hematuria, flank pain, presence of palpable flank mass

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25
Q

dx RCC

A

urinalysis
renal mass
US/CT
MRI?

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26
Q

tx RCC

A

sx
chemo
immunotx

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27
Q

what sx is used in RCC

A

radical nephrectomy with node dissection

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28
Q

what immunotx is used in RCC

A

interferon alfa, IL2

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29
Q

what immunotx is used in RCC

A

interferon alfa, IL2

30
Q

when does wilms tumor usually present

A

peds age 2-5yo

31
Q

what is wilms tumor composed of

A

elements that are similar to normal fetal tissue: blastemic, stromal, epithelial tissue

32
Q

what congential abns is wilms assoc with

A

anridia
hemihypertrophy
other abns of GI

33
Q

anridia

A

abesnce or iris

34
Q

hemihypertrophy

A

enlargement of one side of face or body

35
Q

what gene has a mutation that causes wilms

A

wilms tumor gene on chr 11

36
Q

characteristics of wilms tumor

A

solitary mass, sharply demarcated and encapsulated in kindey.
grows to large size

37
Q

stage 1 wilsm tumor

A

limited to kidney

can be excised

38
Q

stage 2 wilms tumor

A

extend to renal capsule and can be excised

39
Q

stage 3 wilms tumor

A

extend to abdomen

40
Q

stage 4 wilms tumor

A

mets to lung

41
Q

presentation wilsm tumor

A

lage asymsymptomatic abd mass, pain, vomiting, heamturia, htn

42
Q

tx for wilms tumor

A

sx, chemo, radiatio

43
Q

what percent of renal cell carcinoma is clear cell carcinoma

A

60%

44
Q

what % of RCC is chromophobic tumor

A

5-10%

45
Q

what % of RCC is onocytomas

A

5-10%

46
Q

what % of RCC are collectiing duct tumors

A
47
Q

characteristics of clear cell carcinoma

A

clear cytoplasm, chr 3 deletion, arise from proximal tubular cells

48
Q

et RCC

A

tumors affect poles, mostly upper pole

unclear

49
Q

risk factors for RCC

A

smoking
kidney cancer
obseity (esp women)
occupational exposure to petroleum, heavy metals, asbestor,
acquired cystic kidney disease assoc with renal insuff

50
Q

mnfts of early RCC

A

silent in early stages. symptoms mean advanced

51
Q

mnfts late RCC

A

hematuria, flank pain, presence of palpable flank mass

52
Q

dx RCC

A

urinalysis
renal mass
US/CT
MRI?

53
Q

tx RCC

A

sx
chemo
immunotx

54
Q

what sx is used in RCC

A

radical nephrectomy with node dissection

55
Q

when can nephron sparing sx be used in RCC

A

if both kidneys are involved

56
Q

what immunotx is used in RCC

A

interferon alfa, IL2

57
Q

2 groups of bladder ca

A

low grade noninvase tumor

high grade invasive tummor

58
Q

high grade invasive tumor

A

invade bladder wall, met

59
Q

where does bladder ca arise from

A

transitional epth of bladder wall

60
Q

prognosis of noninvasive bladder ca

A

may reoccur after resec, but good prognosis

61
Q

et of bladder ca

A

idiopathic
carcinogenes excreted in urine?
parasites

62
Q

what carcinognes that are excr in urine may cause bladder ca

A

aromatic amines used in dye industry

products used in rubber, textiles, paint, chemicals, petroleum

63
Q

risks for bladder ca

A

smoking
renal calculi
chronic bladder infc

64
Q

what parasite is thought to play a role in bladder ca

A

schistomsoma heamtobium

65
Q

freq mnts of bladder ca

A

microscopic, and gross
painless hematuria
freq, urgency, dysuria

66
Q

dx for bladder ca

A

cytologic stides
excretory urography
cystoscopy
biopsy

67
Q

what is used for staging bladder ca

A

US, CT, MRI

68
Q

what does tx for bladder ca

A

depends on stage and grade

69
Q

tx for bladder ca

A

sx, radiatino, chemo

70
Q

which sx are common in bladder ca

A

endoscopic resec
diathermy
segmental surgical resec
cystectomy

PAtho (31 decks)

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