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Peds (Josh) > T2 - GI Disorders (Josh) > Flashcards

T2 - GI Disorders (Josh) Flashcards

1
Q

Cleft Palate alone is more common in —

A

females

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2
Q

Cleft Lip is more common in —-

A

males

  • Orientals and Native Americans
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3
Q

Cleft lip is a failure of the — and — nasal processes to fuse.

A

Maxillary

Median

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4
Q

The merging of the upper lip at midline is complete when?

A

7-8 weeks gestation

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5
Q

Fusion of palatal shelves occurs when?

A

7-12 weeks gestation

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6
Q

Midline defects (Cleft Palate, Lip) are affected by decreases in what?

A

Folic Acid

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7
Q

Best type of feeding for Cleft lip?

A

Breast b/c it conforms better to odd shape of lips

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8
Q

When is a Z-plasty ususally done to repair cleft pip?

When is a Palatoplasty usually down to repair cleft pallate?

A

2-3 mths old (Cleft Lip repair)

6-12 mths old (Cleft Palate repair)

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9
Q

When a baby is swallowing alot following cleft repair, what is it a sign of?

A

bleeding

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10
Q

Complications w/ Cleft repair recovery?

A
  • Middle Ear infection
  • Nasopharyngeal infection
  • Sinus infection
  • some hearing loss
  • Speech delay
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11
Q

What is esophageal atresia (tracheoesophageal fistula)?

A

failure of esophagus to connect to stomach

instead it fuses to the trachea during development

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12
Q

Etiology of tracheoesophageal defects.

A

VACTERL

Vertebral defect
Anorectal malformation
Cardiac defect
Tracheosesophareal fistula
Esophageal atresia
Renal anomalies
Limb defect
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13
Q

What is HPS?

A

Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis

a GI obstruction of lower stomach sphincter that occurs mostly in white first-born boys in first few weeks of life

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14
Q

What is the most common craniofacial malformation?

A

Cleft Lip/Palate

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15
Q

Does family history of cleft palate/lip lead to the disorder?

A

Yes

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16
Q

Immediate nursing problems post-op with Cleft Palate/Lip?

A
  • Bleeding
  • Infant Upset
  • Nose breathers, so will not be able to breathe through nose
  • Inflammation
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17
Q

What is the device used to hold the repaired lip together?

A

Logan’s Bar

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18
Q

What must be avoided post-op for Cleft Palate/Lip?

A
  • pacifiers
  • straws
  • mouth utensils
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19
Q

What type of restraints for CP/CL? How long?

A

elbow restraints

4-6 weeks

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20
Q

An abnormal between two vessels that ends in a blind pouch.

A

Fistula

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21
Q

Symptoms of Esophageal Atresia w/ Fistula.

A
  • drool/saliva have no place to go
  • cough and sputter
  • laryngospasm
  • abdominal distension from air
  • spit up goes to trachea
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22
Q

— is a GI obstruction disorder that usually occurs in the first few weeks of life.

A

HPS (Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis)

  • mostly in white first born males
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23
Q

— is enlarged circular muscle of the pyloris.

A

HPS (Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis)

24
Q

Hallmark sign of HPS:

A

OLIVE MASS palpated in epigastrium

25
Q

In —-, the pyloric sphincter is blocked.

A

HPS

26
Q

HPS issues:

A
  • projectile emesis
  • still hungry after feeding
  • decreased stooling and urinating due to less fluid getting through
  • FTT and dehydration
27
Q

Management of HPS

A
  • Surgery (pyloromyotomy)
  • Correction of fluid and electrolyte imbalance before surgery
  • Post-operative feeding
    introduce gradually within 4-6 hours
  • Full feeding schedule by 48 hours post-op
28
Q

— is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in the first 2 years of life.

A

Intussusception

  • males predominately in 3:2 ratio)
29
Q

Intussusception is more common with who?

A
  • Males (3:2 ratio)

- CF

30
Q

Hallmark sign of Intussusception?

A

Currant jelly-stools

31
Q

Risk factor for Intussusception?

A

Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

32
Q

Which disorder has a sausage-shaped abdominal mass?

A

Intussusception

  • in RUQ
33
Q

– is also known as Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon.

A

Hirschprung Disease

34
Q

What is the most common cause of neonatal obstruction?

A

Hirschprung Disease

35
Q

— is associated w/ Down’s Syndrome.

A

Hirschprung Disease

36
Q

Hirschprung Disease is seen in a newborn who fails to pass meconium within —-

A

24-48 hrs after birth

37
Q

Hirschprung Disease is caused by what?

A

absence of ganglion cells in large intestine that sense when to push poop out

leads to toxic megacolon

38
Q

Surgical intervention for Hirschprung Disease

A

1) Colostomy
2) re-positioning of healthy bowel
3) closure of colostomy

39
Q

— is caused by bile duct fibrosis.

A

Biliary Atresia

40
Q

If untreated, Biliary Atresia leads to —

A

death before age 2

41
Q

What is treatment for Biliary Atresia?

A

surgical liver transplant

42
Q

— is the absence of an external opening to the rectum.

A

Imperforate Anus

  • first sign is no passage of meconium within first 24 hrs
43
Q

Check for — with Imperforate Anus.

A

Anal Wink

44
Q

—- happens during 7-10th week of gestation.

A

Diaphragmatic Hernia

45
Q

Types of Abdominal Wall Defects.

A
  • Omphalocele

- Gastroschisis

46
Q

In —, babies are born with intestines hanging out.

A

Omphalocele (has a small sack over it)

Gastroschisis (no sack over it)

47
Q

In Short Bowel Syndrome, the leading causes of death are —

A

sepsis

liver failure

48
Q

In short bowel syndrome, what is the length of the bowel?

A

Normal (250 cm)

SBS (100 cm)

49
Q

— is another term for acid indegestion.

A

Gastroesophageal Refulx (GER)

note: GERD is tissue damage from GER

50
Q

GER is self-limiting and usually resolves by –

A

1 year of age

51
Q

Lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction leads to —

A

GER

52
Q

Nursing Care for GER:

Do what with formjula?

A

Thicken it with 1 t - 1T rice cereal per 1 oz forumla

53
Q

— is a surgical procedure that wraps the fundus of the stomach around the distal esophagus to decrease GER.

A

Nissen Fundoplication

54
Q

Most common type of hernia is —

A

umbilical hernia

55
Q

When the intestines push through an opening in the diaphragm.

A

Diaphragmatic Hernia

  • happens during 7-10th wk of gestation

Peds (Josh) (41 decks)

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