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Patho > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The aggregation of platelets with fibrinogen is part of:

A

Primary hemostasis

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2
Q

Which of the hypersensitivity reactions is NOT antibody-mediated?

A

Type IV

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3
Q

Which of the following develops due to antigenic mimicry and cross-reactivity of Group A streptococcal M-protein with myosin in cardiac tissue?

A

Rheumatic fever

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4
Q

How do interferons alpha and beta provide anti-viral protection?

A

They stimulate neighboring cells to produce protective proteins

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5
Q

Which of the following disorders impacts the qualitative function of platelets rather than the quantitative amount?

A

Thrombasthenia

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6
Q

Which class of antibody crosses the placenta?

A

IgG

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7
Q

Stage of hemostasis associated with thrombocytopenia

A

Primary

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8
Q

Stage of hemostasis associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

A

Primary

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9
Q

Stage of hemostasis associated with vitamin K deficiency

A

Secondary

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10
Q

Stage of hemostasis associated with Von Willebrand Disease

A

Both primary and secondary

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11
Q

Which immune cell is part of specific adaptive immunity and kills infected cells through perforins and granzymes initiating apoptosis?

A

Cytotoxic T cells

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12
Q

Cross-linkage of IgE molecules on the outside of mast cells and release of histamine from is part of the pathophysiology of which hypersensitivity?

A

Type I

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13
Q

Transmission of an infection from one person to another through a vector or fomite is called:

A

Indirect transmission

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14
Q

Which of the following drugs blocks the final reaction for synthesis of Vitamin K?

A

Coumadin

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15
Q

Which WBC type is an antigen presenting cell responsible for activating specific immunity?

A

Dendritic cell

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16
Q

Which of the following is an example of a Type II hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Destruction of fetal blood cells due to anti-Rh antibodies

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17
Q

What disease is caused by auto-antibodies targeting receptors for thyroid stimulating hormones?

A

Graves disease

18
Q

What is the term for antibody binding to a bacterial cell and helping phagocytes attach prior to ingestion?

A

Opsonization

19
Q

Which site in the body is the major producer of clotting factors?

A

Liver

20
Q

A mother transmits a respiratory cold virus to her baby. What type of transmission is this?

A

Horizontal

21
Q

The contact dermatitis which develops upon exposure to poison ivy as a delayed hypersensitivity involving T cells and macrophages. What type of hypersensitivity is this?

A

Type IV

22
Q

Which disease or diseases impacts Factor VIII production and/or activity, leading to an impairment in secondary hemostasis?

A

Both von Willebrand and Hemophilia A

23
Q

Which of the following would be considered in the category of non-communicable diseases?

A

Outbreak of food poisoning from a BBQ due to preformed toxin

24
Q

Which of the following would be a T-cell dependent antigen with respect to B-cell activation and antibody production?

A

Protein

25
Q

The pathophysiology of Systemic Lupus involves auto-immunity and antibody production against DNA and RNA. Immune complexes form, lodge in tissue and stimulate our immune cells and complement to damage the surrounding tissue. What type of hypersensitivity reaction is this?

A

Type III

26
Q

Which type of vaccine would stimulate both cellular and antibody immune responses?

A

Live attenuated vaccine

27
Q

Which disease involves auto-immune antibodies binding the ach receptors within the neuromuscular junction?

A

Myasthenia gravis

28
Q

When an individual with type A blood is given a blood transfusion with type B blood, what type of hypersensitivity reaction results?

A

Type II due to antibody-mediated blood cell lysis

29
Q

Which class of antibody is involved in trapping pathogens in mucous and other secretions?

A

IgA

30
Q

Which of the following WBC is not a phagocyte?

A

NK Cell

31
Q

Which disease is an auto-immune disease that attacks gangliosides and myelin of peripheral nervous system?

A

Guillain-Barre

32
Q

Which of the following is associated with defective collagen syntesis and vascular purpura?

A

Vitamin C deficiency with Scurvy

33
Q

Which of the following is the mechanism by which heparin inhibits clot formation?

A

Stimulates anti-thrombin III

34
Q

What is the mechanism by which Lactobacillus species protects the vagina from infectious diseases?

A

Metabolism creates an acidic environment

35
Q

Which of the following is the mechanism involved in immune thrombocytopenic purpura?

A

Type II hypersensitivity and antibody-mediated destruction of platelets

36
Q

which drug is an inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2, decreasing aggregation of platelets?

A

NSAID (Aspirin)

37
Q

Which disease negatively impact the intital step of platelet adherence during primary hemostasis?

A

Von Willebrand Disease

38
Q

Which nonspecific host defense binds and sequesters iron away from bacteria?

A

Transferrin

39
Q

Which white blood cells are the antibody-producing factories of immune system?

A

B cells

40
Q

An opportunistic pathogen is one that:

A

Causes disease only in compromised individuals

Patho (4 decks)

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