OTC & Pharmacogenomics

Question 1

OTC Agents

Answer 1

Acetaminophen
Ibuprofen
Aspirin
Diphenhydramine

Question 2

Nasal Decongestants Misuse

Answer 2

• Rebound Congestion

- INC BP

Question 3

NSAIDs Misuse

Answer 3

• Impair ACE inhibitor effects by blocking Bradykinin vasodilation

Question 4

Antitussives Misuse

Answer 4

Addiction

Question 5

Antihistamines Misuse

Answer 5

Sedation

Question 6

Prescription Plant Drugs

Answer 6

Atropine
Digoxin
Morphine

Question 7

Saw Palmetto

Answer 7

• Rx for BPH (5AR Inhibitor)

Question 8

St John’s Wort

Answer 8

• Antidepressant

- Enhances Serotonin

Question 9

Ginkgo

Answer 9

• Rx of Alzheimer’s
• Intermittent Claudication
• Antioxidant

Question 10

Echinacea

Answer 10

• Rx of Common Cold

- Enhances interleukin

Question 11

Melatonin

Answer 11

• Insomnia and Jet Lag

- Serotonin Effects

Question 12

Ephedra

Answer 12

• Weight loss and congestion

- Sympathomimetic

Question 13

Ginseng

Answer 13

• Mental and Physical Enhancer

Question 14

Garlic

Answer 14

• Heart Dx and Cancer
• Inibits HMG-CoA reductase
• ACE inhibitors

Question 15

Dehydroepiandosterone

Answer 15

• Anti-aging
• SLE
• Androgen precursor

Question 16

Kava

Answer 16

• Rx of Anxiety

- Enhances GABA

Question 17

Feverfew

Answer 17

• Rx of migraine

- DEC LTs and PGs

Question 18

Milk Thistle

Answer 18

• Rx of Liver Dx
• Rx of Mushroom Poisoning
• Antioxidant

Question 19

Genetic Polymorphisms

Answer 19

• Substitution of a single base pair by another

Question 20

Succinylcholine (Genetic Polymorphisms)

Answer 20

• BCE Defect

- Prolonged Resp Paralysis

Question 21

Isoniazid (Genetic Polymorphisms)

Answer 21

• Slow Acetylators
• High incidence of peripheral neuritis
• SLE

Question 22

Procainamide (Genetic Polymorphisms)

Answer 22

• Slow Acetylator

- SLE

Question 23

6MP (Genetic Polymorphisms)

Answer 23

• TPMT Defect

- INC BMC

Question 24

CYP2D6 (GP)

Answer 24

• Poor metabolism of Tamoxifen (INC Risk of relapsed Breast Cancer)
• DEC Endoxifen
• CYP2C19*17 allele exhibit higher metabolic activation of Tamoxifen and Clopidogrel

Question 25

Ultra Rapid Metabolizers (GP)

Answer 25

• Saudi Arabians need high doses of Nortryptiline antidepressants
• Codeine - Morphine induced death of breastfeeding infant

Question 26

CYP2C9*3 (GP)

Answer 26

Warfarin Toxicity

Question 27

UGT1A1*28

Answer 27

• Gilbert Syndrome from impaired drug conjugation or elimination

Question 28

CYP2C9

Answer 28

• Warfarin Toxicity

- Phenytoin Toxicity