Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IHO Ben > Week 4: Hematology overview > Flashcards

Week 4: Hematology overview Flashcards

1
Q

Where does leukemia start?

A

starts in bone marrow, can spread to blood and nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where does lymphoma start?

A

starts in lymph nodes, can spread to blood, marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Can leukemia be from myeloid of lymphoid origin?

A

both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are clinical features of acute leukemia?

A

Sudden onset, symptoms of BM failure (fatigue, infections, bleeding), bone pain, organ infiltration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Acute myeloid leukemia

A

Malignant proliferation of myeloid blasts in blood and BM, 20% CUTOFF FOR DIAGNOSIS, many subtimes, bad prognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are classifications for AML?

A

genetic abnormalities, FLT-3 mutation, multilinage dysplasia, therapy-related, not otherwise classified

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are genetic mutations of AML?

A

Good: t(8;21), inv(16), t(15;17), Bad: 11q23

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a diagnostic finding of AML M3?

A

Faggot cells (lots of auer rods)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a finding of myeloid origin?

A

auer rods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a classic finding of AML M4?

A

gum involvement of the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

A

Malignant proliferation of lymphoid blasts in blood, BM, classified by immunophenotype (B vs. T), more common in children, prognosis often good

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is proliferating the most in CML?

A

neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is proliferating the most in polycythemia vera?

A

red cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is proliferating the most in essential thrombocytopenia?

A

platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is proliferating the most in myelofibrosis?

A

everything

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Chronic myeloid leukemia

A

Neutrophilic leukocytosis, basophilia, Philadelphia chromosome t(9;22), three phases

17
Q

Chronic myelofibrosis

A

panmyelosis then marrow fibrosis, extramedullary hematopoiesis, TEARDROP RED CELLS

18
Q

Polycythemia vera

A

High RBC in blood (makes blood sludgy), different from secondary polycythemia, thrombosis and hemorrhage, Jak-2 mutation

19
Q

Essential thrombocytopenia

A

very high platelet count in blood, can occur in young women, diagnosis of exclusion, hemorrhage and thrombosis

20
Q

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

A

small, mature B cell lymphocytes, same thing as small lymphocytic lymphoma, CD5+, long but inexorable course, hypogammaglobulinemia, AIHA

21
Q

Hairy cell leukemia

A

Hairy cells, big spleen, pancytopenia, TRAP+

22
Q

Non-hodgkin lymphoma

A

malignant proliferation of lymphoid cells (blasts or mature cells) in lymph nodes, skips around to random lymph nodes, many subtypes, mostly B cell disease

23
Q

Small lymphocytic lymphoma

A

Small, mature B cells, same thing as CLL, CD5+, long course, death from infection

24
Q

Marginal zone lyphoma

A

actually a bunch of lymphomas, marginal zone pattern, MALT lymphoma, can be caused by H. pylori infection

25
Q

Mantle cell lymphoma

A

t(11;14) Bcl-1/Cyclin D1 and IgH, mantle zone pattern, small, angulated B cell lymphocytes, more aggressive

26
Q

Follicular lymphoma

A

Follicular pattern (can turn diffuse), small cleaved, mixed or large cell B cells, grades 1, 2 or 3, t(14;18) Bcl-2 and IgH, AVOIDS APOPTOSIS WITH BCL-2

27
Q

Mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome

A

Skin lesions, blood involvement, cerebriform lymphocytes, T-cell immunophenotype

28
Q

Diffuse large-cell lymphoma

A

Large B cells, extranodal involvement, grows rapidly, poor prognosis

29
Q

Lymphoblastic lymphoma

A

Typical patient: teenage male with mediastinal mass (The T’s, T-ALL, thymus, teenage), diffuse pattern, lymphoblasts, Same as T-ALL

30
Q

Burkitt lymphoma

A

t(8;14), child with fast-growing, extranodal mass, starry-sky pattern

31
Q

Adult T-cell leukemia/Lymphoma

A

Japan/caribbean basin, HTLV-1, skin lesions, hypercalcemia, very aggressive

32
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma

A

younger patients, good prognosis, contiguous spread, 5 subtypes, Reed-Sternberg cell

33
Q

What are the prognostic indicators of ALL?

A

Immunophenotype (T is bad), Age (1-10 is good), WBC (

IHO Ben (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions