Week 5: Inflammtory drugs Flashcards
Where do first gen antihistamines work?
H1, muscarinic, alpha andrenergic and serotonin receptors
What are side effects of first gen antihistamines?
sedation, drying of secretions, GI disturbances
What are the two first gen antihistamines?
Diphenhydramine (sedation), chlorpheniramine (day time use)
What are the second gen antihistamines?
cetirizine, fexofenadine, loratadine
Why don’t second gen antihistamines have a sedating effect?
Have an affinity for P-glycoprotein efflux pump in endothelium of vasculature in CNS- they get pumped out quickly
What are therapeutic uses of H1 antihistamines?
allergies, allergic rhinitis, urticaria, atopic dermatitis, NOT FOR ASTHMA, sleep aid (diphenhydramine is sedating)
What are the traditional NSAIDs?
aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, ketorolac, indomethacin, piroxicam
What is the COX2 selective inhibitor?
celecoxib (celebrex)
What acts on the hypothalamus to increase the temp set point?
PGE2
Is Acetaminophen an NSAID?
NO, it’s not an anti-inflammatory drug; analgesic and antipyretic
What are adverse effects of drugs that inhibit COX enzymes?
Gastric or intestinal ulceration (PG synthesis), Prolongation of gestation, renal function, hepatic issues, increased bleeding (TX formation and platelet aggregation)
Explain aspirin hypersensitivity
blockade of COX shifts AA utilization to lypoxygenase pathway, leading to increased leukotriene production
What drugs decrease leukotrienes?
Zileuton, zafirlukast and montelukast
What is the MOA of zileuton?
inhibits 5-lypoxygenase preventing synthesis of LTB4
What is the MOA of both zafirlukast and montelukast?
leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTD4 receptor and CysLTR1)
