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World week 1 > 5/16 > Flashcards

5/16 Flashcards

1
Q

Presentation of angiofibroma

A

Adolescent w/ nasal obstruction, visible nasal mass, and frequent nosebleeds
can erode local bone

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2
Q

Whipples dz characterized by

A

Arthralgia’s, weight loss, fever, diarrhea, and abdominal pain

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3
Q

Cutaneous larva migrans characterized by

A

Pruritic, elevated, serpiginous lesions on the skin

Often acquired through contact with sand

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4
Q

DS quad

A

Low AFP and estriol

Inc B-HCG and inhibit A

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5
Q

First test after abnormal quad

A

US to evaluate anatomy and measure growth

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6
Q

Only infant absolute contra to breastfeeding

A

Galactosemia

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7
Q

When is varicella infectio a contra to breastfeeding

A
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8
Q

TCA OD characterized by

A

CNS depression
Hypotension
Anticholinergic effects

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9
Q

How does the body compensate for chronic hypercapnia

A

Increasing renal bicarb retention (Like in COPD)

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10
Q

What is membranoproliferazive glomerulonephritis type 2 characterized by

A

Persistent activation of the alternative complement pathway

dense deposit disease

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11
Q

Anti-GB antibodies characteristic of

A

Goodpastures syndrome

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12
Q

What is Courvoisier’s sign

A

Non-tender but palpable gallbladder at the right costal margin in a jaundiced pt
for pancreatic Ca

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13
Q

What is D-xylose

A

Monosaccharide that is absorbed in the proximal Si w/out degradation by pancreatic or bush border enzymes

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14
Q

Who has D-xylose absorption impairment? normal?

A

Small intestinal mucosal disease with have impaired

Patient’s with malabsorption due to enzyme def will have normal

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15
Q

How can AS pt’s get restrictive lung dz

A

Due to diminished chest wall and spinal mobility

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16
Q

Electrolyte abnormalities most often observed in Cushing’s

A

Hypokalemia and hypernatremia

Hypo K b/c corticosteroids have some mineralocorticoid activity

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17
Q

Tx for febrile neutropenia

A

Empiric mono therapy w/ an anti-pseudomonad agent (Cefepime, meropenem, pip-taco)

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18
Q

Features of cervical sponydlosis

A

Chronic neck pain
Limited neck rotation
Sensory def (due to osteophyte induced radiculopathy)

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19
Q

3 predisposing features to cellulites

A
  1. Obesity
  2. Venous insufficiency
  3. Skin disruption
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20
Q

What can PDD (dysthymia) be thought of as

A

Chronic, low-grade depression that lasts for years

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21
Q

Main objective in mgmt of a rib fracture

A

Pain relief

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22
Q

What is sialadenosis

A

Benign non-inflammatory enlargement of the salivary glands seen in pt’s w/ advanced liver dz

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23
Q

What is scleroderma renal crisis

A

Acute onset of oliguric renal failure w/ malignant hypertension, thrombocytopenia, and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

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24
Q

What are case control studies

A

Analytical observational studies that retrospectively associate outcomes with specific risk factors

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25
Q

Case control vs Retrospective cohort

A

CC: Determine outcome and then look for associated risk factors
RCS: Ascertain risk factor exposure and then determine the outcome

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26
Q

Mainstay of COPD therapy

A

Inhaled anticholinergics (ipratropium and tiotropium)

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27
Q

Baby w/ fair eyes and hair, developmental delay, and CVA

A

Homocystinuria

also can have marfinoid habitus

28
Q

Dx of homcysteinuria based on? tx?

A

Elevated homocysteine and methionine levels

Tx: Vit B6, folate, and B12 to lower homocystiene levels

29
Q

Best means of measure respiratory function in GB

A

Serial measurements of FVC (spirometry)

Peak flow can be used if spirometry unavailable

30
Q

Extra-renal feature of ADPKD

A
  1. Cerebral aneurysms
  2. Hepatic and pancreatic cysts
  3. Cardiac valve disorders
  4. Diverticulosis
  5. Ventral and inguinal hernias
31
Q

What causes vasospasm post SAH coiling

A

Arterial narrowing at the base of the brain due to degradation of blood and its metabolites

32
Q

Cysteine stone shape? tx?

A

Hexagonal crystals

Urinary cyanide nitroprusside test can detect elevated cysteine levels

33
Q

What is parinaud syndrome

A

Pressure on the pretectal region of the midbrain and CN II pressure causing limitation of upward gaze and bilateral eyelid retraction

34
Q

What causes parinaud syndrom

A

Pineal gland mass

35
Q

Think what in pt w/ severe HTN and recurrent flash pulmonary edema

A

Renovascular HTN

36
Q

Increased 24 hour urinary free coristol excretion seen in

A

Cushings syndrome

37
Q

Strange things seen in ACA occlusion

A

Dyspraxia, emotional disturbances, urinary incontinence, abulia (lack of will or initiative)

38
Q

Imaging for head vs tail of pancreas Ca

A

Head: US (jaundice)
Tail: CT (No jaundice)

39
Q

Osteoid osteoma feature

A

Pain typically relieved w/ NSIDs

40
Q

Osteoid osteoma Xray

A

Small, round lucency w/ sclerotic margins and sometimes central ossification

41
Q

Drug for ppx and tx of Amyloid AA

A

Colchicine

42
Q

All pt’s w/ ITP should be tested for

A

HIV and Hep C virus

43
Q

What is “clasp knife” phenomenon

A

Velocity dependent resistance to passive movement of the limb seen in pt’s w/ hypertonia due to pyramidal tract dz

44
Q

MCC of ductopenia or “vanishing duct syndrome”

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

45
Q

MC AE of Tamoxifen

A

Hot flashes

46
Q

Pulmonary contusion CXR

A

Patchy irregular alveolar infiltrates

47
Q

3 first line drugs for uncomplicated UTI

A
  1. Nitrofurantoin
  2. TMP-SMX
  3. Fosftomycin
    * Quinolones for complicated*
48
Q

Massive PE does what to heart

A

Inc. RV pressure, causing right ventricular hypokinesis and dilation, decreased preload, and hypotension

49
Q

Test to run when pt has recurrent bacterial infections (adult)

A

Serum IgG levels to look for humoral immunity defect

50
Q

Nonallergic rhinitis featurs

A

One of the chronic rhinitis symptoms without a specific etiology
Use intranasal antihistamine + glucocorticoids

51
Q

Suspect what in palpable purpura + proteinuria and hematuria

A

Mixed cryoglobulinemia

52
Q

MCC of viral conjunctivitis

A

Adenovirus

53
Q

Think what w/ recurrent sinopulmonary and GI infections after 6 months of age? what will be on PE?

A

X-linke agammablobulinemia

PE: Absence of lymphoid tissue on examination

54
Q

Bronchial breath sounds feature

A

Louder and have a more prominent expiratory component (seen in consolidation)

55
Q

What differentiates lupus flare from pre-eclampsia

A

Overt RBCs in urine in addition to protein

56
Q

Dermatitis of pellagra

A

Rough hyper pigmented scaly skin over sun-exposed areas

57
Q

Two things elevated in anorexia

A

Cholesterol and carotene levels

58
Q

Risks for pregnant women w/ hx of anorexia

A 
Miscarriage
IUGR
Hyperemeis gravidarum
Premature birth
C-section
PPD
59
Q

Giant cell tumor of bone xray

A

“Soap bubble” - expansile and eccentrically placed lytic area in the epiphysis

60
Q

Serum iron and ferritin in thalassemia

A

Normal to high serum Fe and ferritin level

61
Q

What type of therapy identifies and challenges maladaptive thoughts

A

CBT (to change emotions and behaviors)

62
Q

What does psychodynamic psyschotheraphy do

A
  • Explores past relationships and conflicts
  • Utilizes transference
  • Breaks down defense mechs
63
Q

What does interpersonal psychotherapy do

A

Targets social and interpersonal context of the patients illness, focusing on the “here and now” to deal with fried and such

64
Q

What does CBT focus on

A

Reducing automatic negative thoughts and avoidance behaviors that cause distress

65
Q

3 clorquine resistant malarial drugs

A
  1. Atovaquone-porguanil
  2. Doxy
  3. Mefloquine (use in pregnancy)
66
Q

CMV esophagus features

A

Large linear ulcerations and presence of intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusions on biopsy
Tx: Ganciclovir

67
Q

How is PKU tested in newborn screen

A

Tandem mass spectrometry

World week 1 (17 decks)

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