5.2 Different types of feminism Flashcards
(24 cards)
Liberal feminism
form of feminism?
reformist
- argues gender stereotypes can be eliminated
Liberal feminism
where is their focus?
the public sphere.
Liberal feminism
liberal feminists main examples?
not key thinkers
- Mary Wollstonecraft A Vindication of the Rights of Woman argued for political equality. It was assumed this was lead to further equality
- Betty Friedan: The Feminine Mystique 1963 kickstarted second wave
Liberal feminism
what did liberal feminists campaign for?
an end to discrimination in the workplace and a belief in gender equality
- an end to outdated cultural attitudes (education) and an opposition to sexist language
- changes in the law to facilitate legal equality in all public sphers
socialist feminism
what do socialist feminists argue?
- economics leads to gender inequality and capitalism causes patriarchy
- disgareements between revolutionists and reformists though
socialist feminism: reformist
gilman: which of her ideas were co-opted by socialist feminism?
- collectivism and cooperation being female qualities
- she believed capitalism’s exploitative qualities reinforced patriarchy and socialism would gradually succeed.
socialist feminism: revolutionary
Engels and revolutionary socialist feminism?
- economics caused gender inequality and capitalism created patriarchy
- capialism meant women were needed as unpaid helpers to enable male workers to be employed in the workplace
- women were a reserve army of labor
socialist feminism: revolutionary
rowbotham’s work that expands on Englens theories?
Hidden from History 1973
socialist feminism: revolutionary
How did Rowbotham expand on Engel’s theories?
WCWE, MDNU, HM
- Working Class Women found Employment where they were paid less than men, working ‘like cattle’ in the house and work
- men do not understand the nature of oppression of women
- She argued women’s alienation from capitalism and patriarchy meant ‘a revolution within a revolution’ wasn needed to destroy both.
socialist feminism: revolutionary
De Beauvoir and materialism?
- consumptive materialism was inherent within capitalism and had weakened women’s position in society.
socialist feminism: revolutionary
Juliet Mitchell’s 4 social functions women must liberate themselves from?
- workforce
- childbearing role
- socialisation of children
- their position as sex objects
radical feminism
How do radical feminists disagree with liberal feminists?
- both the public and private sphere must be addressed, not just the public. ‘the personal is political’
radical feminism
Kate Millet’s work? what was it critical of?
Sexual Politics 1970
- critical of monogamous marriage and argued children were socialised via the family unit
- these norms were reinforced in all aspects of life
- Millett wanted to replace the family unit with communal living
radical feminism
radical feminists argue patriarchy creates a society where…
men dominate the public sphere, and women play a supportive role in the home
- this creates the public man/private woman paradigm
radical feminism
Germaine Greer’s take on radical feminism?
- advocated for the abandonment of traditional marriage
- this inherently invites male domination
- she favoured communal living and childbearing to negate the negative effects of the patriarchy
post-feminism
what was post-feminism?
believer CP
- early 1990s argued women should move on..
- Camille Paglia criticised feminism for portraying women as ‘victims’
post-feminism
how has post-feminism been criticised?
by examining feminism purely through a white, middle-class lens
post-modern feminism
what do post-modern feminists believe?
- fourth wave
- rejects simplistic generalisations of earlier feminist traditions
- includes inter-sectionality.
- Patriarchy continues to adapt and finds new ways to oppress women
post-modern feminism
Manifesta 2000
- by Jennifer Baumgardner and Amy Richards
- argues successive generations need to establish what feminsm means to them
post-modern feminism
black feminism
influenced by bell hooks
- argues intersectionality means women of colour face distinct discrimination because of their gender, race, and social background
- work ranges from criticising the misogyny of rap music to oppression of women in the recent BLM movement
post-modern feminism
cyber-patriarchy
- technology reinforces the patriarchy, modern women and teenager girls are hyper-sexualised
post-modern feminism
rape and sexual assault
- rape culture is prevelant in UK schools
- Soma Sara’s campaign has argued students should be explicitly re-educated on issues such as consent
post-modern feminism
transfeminism
individuals should be legally allowed to change their sex.
