Neuromuscular: Central Nervous System

Question 1

Frontal lobe function

Answer 1

Voluntary movement, intellect, orientation
Broca’s Area (Left): speech, concentration
Personality, temper, judgement, reasoning, behavior, self-awareness, executive function

Question 2

Frontal lobe impairment

Answer 2

Contralateral weakness
perseveration, inattention
Personality changes, antisocial behavior
Impaired concentration, apathy
Broca's aphasia (expressive deficits)
Delayed or poor initiation
Emotional lability

Question 3

Parietal lobe function

Answer 3

Associated with sensation of touch, kinesthesia, perception of vibration, and temperature
Receives info from other areas of the brain regarding hearing, vision, motor, sensory, and memory
Provides meaning for objects
Interprets language and words
Spatial and visual perception

Question 4

Parietal lobe impairments

Answer 4

Dominant hemisphere (typically left): agraphia, alexia, agnosia
Non-dominant hemisphere (typically right): dressing apraxia, constructional apraxia, anosognosia
Contralateral sensory deficits
Impaired language comprehension
Impaired taste

Question 5

Temporal lobe function

Answer 5

Primary auditory processing and olfaction
Wernicke’s area (left hemisphere): ability to understand and produce meaningful speech, verbal and general memory, assists with understanding language
The rear of the temporal lobe enables humans to interpret other people’s emotions and reactions

Question 6

Temporal lobe impairment

Answer 6

Learning deficits
Wernicke's aphasia (receptive deficits)
Antisocial, aggressive behaviors
Difficulty with facial recognition
Difficulty with memory, memory loss
Inability to categorize objects

Question 7

Occipital lobe function

Answer 7

Main processing center for visual information
Processes visual information regarding colors, light, and shapes
Judgement of distance, seeing in three dimensions

Question 8

Occipital lobe impairment

Answer 8

Homonymous hemianopsia
Impaired extraocular muscle movement and visual deficits
Impaired color recognition
Reading and writing impairment
Cortical blindness with bilateral lobe involvement

Question 9

Meningitis signs and symptoms

Answer 9

Fever, headache, vomiting
Complaints of a stiff and painful neck, nuchal rigidity
Pain in the lumbar area and posterior thigh
Brudzinski’s sign (flexion of the neck facilitates flexion of the hips and knees)
Kernig’s sign (pain with hip flexion combined with knee extension)
Sensitivity to light

Question 10

Signs of hydrocephalus or a blocked shunt include:

Answer 10

Enlarged head or bulging fontanelles in infants
Headache
Changes in vision
Large veins noted on scalp
Behavioral changes
Seizures
Alteration in appetite, vomiting
"Sun setting" sign or downward deviation of the eyes 
Incontinence