5.2C Flashcards
(38 cards)
What is the digestive system
It breaks down food into simpler chemical compounds to be easily absorbed by cells or to be eliminated from the body
What are the six components of the digestive system
The salivary gland’s The pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine/colon
What do the salivary gland’s do
They break down food
What is the pharynx
The passage to the stomach and lungs
What is the esophagus
The passage between the pharynx and stomach
What happens in the stomach
This is the organ where digestion occurs
What does the small intestine do
Begins the breakdown of nutrients
What does the large intestine AKA colon do
It stores the waist for eventual illumination through the anal canal
Describe the six step process of the digestive system
- food is ingested, enzymes secreted by the salivary gland’s begin to break down the food.
- the food travels to the pharynx and esophagus into the stomach by peristalsis which is a twisting turning motion of the esophagus
- in the stomach hydrochloric acid and other enzymes further breakdown food
- food passes from the stomach into the small intestine, this is the assimilation of nutrients
- nutrients are absorbed by the villi and transported through the circulatory system
- the undigested food passes into the large intestine also known as the colon and stored for elimination
What is peristalsis
A twisting and turning motion of the esophagus that happens when food travels through it
What breaks down the food in the stomach
Hydrochloric acid and other enzymes
What absorbs nutrients In the small intestine
Villi
What are the three organs of the excretory system
Skin liver kidneys
What are the four main components of the respiratory system
The upper respiratory tract
Lower respiratory tract
Lungs
Thoracic cavity
What are the two primary organs of the respiratory system
The lungs which are spongy muscles composed of cells in to which air enters when you inhale
And the diaphragm which is a muscular organ that separates the chest cavity from the abdomen
What do the lungs do
Process oxygen for absorption into the blood and release carbon dioxide
What does the diaphragm do
Expands and contracts automatically forcing air in and out of the lungs
What are the four components of the upper respiratory tract
The nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx
After air passes through the nostrils what does it pass next
The pharynx
What does the larynx do
It contains the vocal cords and connects the pharynx to the trachea
What are the three components of the lower respiratory tract
Trachea, bronchi, the lungs
What is the trachea
The conducting pathway through which air flows
What do the bronchi do
Deliver air directly to the lungs
What are three aspects of the endocrine system
Regulates and controls growth
Manufactures hormones
Affects hair growth, skin conditions, energy levels
(nutrition plays a key role in the regulation of the system)
