53. OBESITY AND METABOLIC SYNDROME.

Question 1

Metabolic syndrome is?

Answer 1

a clustering of at least 3 of the 5 following medical
conditions:

Central obesity
Hypertension
Hyperglycaemia
Hypertriglyceridemia
Low serum HDL

Question 2

Upper-body obesity classification:

Answer 2

Absolute waist circumference = >40 in (M) or >35 in (F)

Waist-hip ratio = >0.9 (M) or >0.85 (F)

Question 3

Obesity classification based on cause:

Answer 3

• Primary (most common) = due to poor diet w/high E intake and sedentary
  lifestyle w/insufficient physical activity
• Secondary = as a result of another condition such as endocrine diseases –
  hypothyroidism, hypercortisolism (Cushing’s), PCOS, hypogonadism
• Syndrome obesity = observed as a part of various genetic syndromes:
  Prader-Willi syndrome, Cohen syndrome, Alstrom syndrome.

Question 4

BMI Percentile classification for <2 years:

Answer 4

• According to percentiles (used for <2yrs)
  o BMI <5th percentile for age is underweight
  o 5-85th is normal
  o 85th-95th is overweight
  o BMI > 95th percentile for age is obese

Question 5

BMI values classification:

Answer 5

o <18.5 is underweight, 18.5-25 is normal, and 25-29.9 is overweight.
o 1st (BMI 30-34.9),
o 2nd (BMI 35-39.9),
o 3rd/morbid (BMI >40)
 1st Degree: 30-34.9
 2nd Degree: 35-39.9
 3rd Degree: >40.0 – Morbidly obese