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Block 1 > 3-1 > Flashcards

3-1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is job of condenser?

what is job of objective?

A

focus light on specimen

focus light FROM specimen

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2
Q

LM magnifies up to ?

EM magnifies up to ?

A

2500

500K

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3
Q

bright field microscopy shows little detail unless

A

specimen is stained with light absorbing dyes

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4
Q

”” microscopy gives a 3-D appearance to cell

A

No mar ski

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5
Q

fluorescent molecules do what

A

absorb light at one wavelength and emit photon at dif wavelength

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6
Q

describe the steps of cell fixation

A
  • dehydrated in ethanol

- embedded in wax

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7
Q

describe TEM

  • acronym
  • magnification limit
  • req of section
A

transmission electron microscopy

allows high magnification (up to 500K x)

needs dead, ultrathin sections

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8
Q

if you have high atomic #, you “” electrons (verb)

A

deflect

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9
Q

membranes attach to “”

A

cytoskeleton

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10
Q

define amphi-pathic

A

hydrophilic and hydrophobic

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11
Q

“fluid” in fluid mosaic model refers to

A

molecules diffuse laterally

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12
Q

steps of freeze fracture

A

1) frozen cells are fractured under vacuum
2) surface is coated with heavy metal AND cell is dissolved in acid…leaving a metal replica of SURFACE
3) surface is examined

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13
Q

P face is adjacent to “”

A

protoplasm

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14
Q

glycocalyx located in (internal/external) surface

glycocalyx consists of what molecules

purpose of glycocalyx

A

external

oligosaccharides attached to proteins and lipids

  • protects cell surface against damage
  • cell to cell recognition
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15
Q

Carriers in mitochondria import “” and export “”.

A

Carriers in mitochondria import pyruvate and export ATP.

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16
Q

which cells use all 3 types of carriers (uniport, symport, antiport)

these are maintained in separate domains by “”

A

gut epithelial cells

tight junctions

17
Q

cystic fibrosis is caused by

A

mutation in CF transmembrane conductance regulator

18
Q

CFTR forms a “”

A

Cl channel

19
Q

in absence of functioning CFTR…

A

not enough water reaches EC -> sticky mucus on outside of cell -> bad mucus clearance in lungs

20
Q

ECM is produced by “”

A

rough ER and Golgi

21
Q

fibrous proteins provide what

A

tensile strength (resist stretching)

22
Q

fibrous proteins include what things

A

collagen

laminin (epithelia to basal lamina)

23
Q

”” is the most abundant animal protein

A

collagen

24
Q

carriers at basolateral surfaces mediate “” transport of glucose

A

passive

25
Q

junctional complex is a term for

A

tight ju
adher ju
desmosomes

26
Q

cadherin function

A

join together

  • desmosome
  • adherens
27
Q

Desmosome function

A

bind cells together (esp much mechanical stress)

28
Q

gap in gap junction exists due to “” spanning space bt cells

A

connexon

29
Q

increase in “” causes changes that close the gap junction

A

Ca

30
Q

dd

A

dd

31
Q

the four techniques (Nomarski, phase contrast, etc) are used to examine what kinds of cells

A

Living, unstained

32
Q

4 methods of using microscope

A

bright (field)
phase contrast
(Nomarski) phase contrast
dark (field)

33
Q

TEM specimens MUST be stained with

A

heavy metal atoms

34
Q

negative staining is

A

object is unstained

surrounding is stained

35
Q

the mosaic aspect of the model was seen how

the fluid aspect was seen how

A

freeze fractured membrane surface

fuse together a mouse and human cell

36
Q

”” or “” will close the gap junction

A

high Ca

low pH

37
Q

dif bt tight and gap junction

A

tight = nothing passes thru them (seal)

gap = channels allow molecules to pass from cell to c

38
Q

def of mindfulness

A

paying attention on purpose in present moment (non-judgmentally)

Block 1 (16 decks)

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