5.3.4 Hormones in human reproduction

Question 1

Name 4 hormones involved in the menstrual cycle of a woman.

Answer 1

1. FSH - follicle stimulating hormone
2. LH - luteinising hormone
3. oestrogen
4. progesterone

Question 2

FSH - follicle stimulating hormone

Answer 2

causes an egg to mature in the ovary

Question 3

LH - luteinising hormone

Answer 3

stimulates the release of an egg

Question 4

oestrogen and progesterone are involved in ….

Answer 4

maintaining the uterus lining

Question 5

What is testosterone and what is its function?

Answer 5

-the main male reproductive hormone
- produced by the testes
- stimulates sperm production

Question 6

What characteristics develop during puberty due to reproductive hormones

Answer 6

secondary sex characteristics

Question 7

Where is oestrogen produced

Answer 7

The ovary

Question 8

What is the main female reproductive hormone

Answer 8

Oestrogen

Question 9

What are the 4 stages of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 9

1 - day 1 - menstruation starts. Uterus lining breaks down for about 4 days

2 - day 4-14, uterus lining builds up again into a thick spongy layer full of blood vessels, ready to recieve a fertilised egg.

3 - ovulation - Egg develops and is released from the ovary at day 14

4 - Wall maintained for about 14 days until day 28. If no fertilised egg, process repeats.

Question 10

Describe the menstrual cycle

Answer 10

1. FSH
   produced in pituitary gland
   Causes an egg to mature in a follicle in one of the ovaries
   Stimulates the ovaries to produce oestrogen
2. Oestrogen
   Produced in the ovaries
   Causes the uterus lining to grow
   Stimulates LH release and inhibits FSH release
3. LH
   Produced by pituitary gland
   Stimulates release of an egg at day 14 (ovulation)
4. Progesterone
   Produced in ovaries by the remains of the follicle after ovulation
   Maintains the lining of the uterus during the second half of the cycle. When the level falls, the lining breaks down
   Inhibits release of LH and FSH