Chapter One Flashcards
Socrates/Plato theory
Mind is separate from body and we are born with natural knowledge
Aristotleโs theory
Knowledge comes from learned experience
John Lockeโs theory
Tabula Rosa -> โBlank slateโ
Believed in empiricism
- born with no knowledge, comes from exp
Descartesโ theory
Cogito Ergo Sum-> โI think, therefore I am.โ
- believed our reflexes were fluids
running through our bodies
Introspection
Examining or observing ones own mental and emotional processes
Wilhelm Wundt
Created first psych lab (Germany)
- structuralism-> what brain regions
connect to what
- combines emotions with sensations
William James
(America) Functionalism-> combine emotions with reactions
Sigmund Freud
Psychodynamic theory-> dominated subconscious controlled by childhood
Ex: defense mechanisms
John B. Watson
Founder of behaviorism
B. F. Skinner
Behaviorist using positive and negative reinforcement
Charles Darwin
Evolutionary psychology-> natural selection
Humanistic
Promoting self-growth/fulfillment
- free will๐๐๐
People of humanism
Carl Rogers- positive self esteem
Abraham Maslow- hierarchal needs (priorities)
Psychodynamic
How unconscious drives/conflicts influence behavior-> later used to treat disorders ๐๐๐
Biological (neuroscience)
Studies link between biological (genetics)/psychological processes
- brain and body keys to understand behavior
Evolutionary
(Darwinian, sociobiological)
Studies roots of behavior using natural selection
Behavioral
Study of observable behavior and its explanation by principles of learning๐๐๐
Cognitive
Study of mental activities associated with thinking and knowing
- how someone thinks