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11 Biology (diversity) > 8 major phyla of the animal kingdom > Flashcards

8 major phyla of the animal kingdom Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 8 major phyla (common names)?

A 
sponges
jellyfish, coral, anemones, hydra
flatworms
segmented worms
molluscs
joint-legged animals (insects)
starfish
chordates
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2
Q

what are sponges also known as?

A

“true” first multicellular animals

Porifera

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3
Q

what are jellyfish, coral, anemones, hydra also known as?

A

Cnidaria

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4
Q

what are flatworms also known as?

A

Platyhelminthes

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5
Q

what are segmented worms also known as?

A

Annelida

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6
Q

what are molluscs also known as?

A

Mollusca

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7
Q

what are joint-legged animals (insects) also known as?

A

Arthropoda

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8
Q

what are starfish also known as?

A

Echinodermata

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9
Q

what are chordates also known as?

A

Chordata

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10
Q

sponges

where do they live?

A

aquatic organism

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11
Q

sponges

where are adults affixed?

A

permanently to solid surfaces

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12
Q

sponges

how do they eat?

A 
filter feeders
one opening (food enters waste exits)
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13
Q

sponges

how many layers of cells do they have? describe them

A

double layer
outer- flat epithelial cells
inside- flagellated cells to move food around

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14
Q

sponges

what are their body plans?

A

asymmetrical with no tissues

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15
Q

list examples of Cnidaria (jellyfish, coral, anemones, hydra)

A

jellyfish, hydra
clam, snail, octopus
starfish, sea urchin
spider, lobster

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16
Q

list examples of Platyhelminthes (flatworms)

A

parasitic tapeworms
flukes
freeliving planarians

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17
Q

what are Platyhelminthes’ complexity?

A

least complex
acoelomates
3 layers of cells

18
Q

what do Platyhelminthes look like?

A

simple nervous system, brainlike concentration of eyes (distinct head end), eyespots

19
Q

give an example of Annelida (segmented worms)

A

earthworm

20
Q

what do Annelida look like?

A

segmented body, distinct head end, several organ systems

21
Q

what are the three classes of Mollusca?

A

bivalves
gastropods
cephalopods

22
Q

list examples of Mollusca (molluscs)

A 
clams
mussels
oysters
scallops
snails and sligs
octopi
squids
23
Q

what are Mollusca’s body plans?

A

bilateral symmetry

24
Q

what do Mollusca’s look like?

A

3 layers of cells, coelom, 2 body openings
soft body often protected by hard shell
organ system surrounded by mantle

25
Q

how do Mollusca move?

A

use of a muscular foot

26
Q

what is the majority of animal species?

A

Arthropoda (joint legged animals- insects)

27
Q

what are the four groups of Arthropoda (joint legged animals- insects)?

A

chelicerates
myriapods
crustaceans
insects

28
Q

list examples of Arthropoda (joint legged animals- insects)

A 
spiders
scorpions
crustaceans
insects
mites
millipedes and centipedes
beetles
butterflies
moths
ants
flies
bees
29
Q

what do Arthropoda (joint legged animals- insects) look like?

A

legs made of moveable sections connected by joints, body divided into segments, hard exoskeleton (protection)

30
Q

list examples of Echinodermata (starfish)

A

sea stars
sea urchins
sea cucumbers
sand dollars

31
Q

where do Echinodermata (starfish) live?

A

marine animals

32
Q

what are Echinodermata’s (starfish) body plans?

A

radial symmetry

33
Q

what do Echinodermata (starfish) look like?

A

spiny endoskeletons, tube feet

34
Q

what are Echinodermata’s (starfish) systems like?

A

water-vascular (system of tubes, including tube feet)

35
Q

how do Echinodermata (starfish) use their “feet”?

A

forces water into feet using muscles, extending them

36
Q

what is the most familiar phyla?

A

Chordata (chordates)

37
Q

what are Chordata (chordates)?

A

vertebrate animals

38
Q

what are the types of Chordata (chordates)?

A 
fish
amphibians
reptiles
birds
mammals
39
Q

all Chordata (chordates) have a notochord- what is this?

A

rod shaped structure extending the length of the body to attach muscles

40
Q

all Chordata (chordates) have a dorsal nerve cord- what is this?

A

tube shaped cord extending along the back of the body

11 Biology (diversity) (38 decks)

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