Unit 6: Botony

Question 1

Define Root Hairs

Answer 1

An absorbent hair and a hair-forming cell on the epidermis of a plant root.

Question 2

Cohesion-Tension Mechanism

Answer 2

Water enters Vascular cylinder (of foots) by Osmosis. Water travels up the stem to the leaves. Evaporation.

Question 3

Functions of Stems (4 TYPES)

Answer 3

1. Support leaves + flowers
2. Transport materials between roots and leaves
3. Produce Food
4. Store substances

Question 4

Define Cuticle

Answer 4

Waxy layer outside epidermis to provide waterproofing.

Question 5

What are the three stages of cell respirations?

Answer 5

Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and electron transport.

Question 6

Where does Double Fertilization happen?

Answer 6

The fusion of two sperm nuclei with the of two cells with a female, gametophyte.

Question 7

Plant Tissues (5 TYPES)

Answer 7

1. Dermal (protection, outside of)
2. Vascular (transport water, etc)
3. Ground (storage + support)
4. Fibrous Root
5. Tap Root

Question 8

Phloem

Answer 8

2 of 2 Type of Transport in a vascular plant to bring sugar down from leaves to roots

Question 9

Four Reasons why plants are Crucial to our existence.

Answer 9

1. Food
2. Medicine
3. Oxygen
4. Wood

Question 10

Root Functions (4 TYPES)

Answer 10

1. Anchoring plant in the soil
2. Absorbing minerals from soil
3. Transporting minerals
4. Storing (extra sugar)

Question 11

Define Fruit

Answer 11

A protective structure for the seeds that develop from the carpel.

Question 12

Define Stamen

Answer 12

(Male) Produces pollen that carries sperm to the carpel.

Question 13

Define Mesophyll

Answer 13

Made of cells that carry on photosynthesis.

Question 14

Define Guard Cells

Answer 14

Regulate the size of the stomata.

Question 15

Sporophyte

Answer 15

The asexual and usually diploid phase, that produces spores.

Question 16

Define Sepal

Answer 16

Protects the internal part of the flower.

Question 17

What are the two types of plant growth?

Answer 17

The non vascular and vascular.

Question 18

Nonvascular

Answer 18

Smaller plants without a vascular system

Question 19

Gametophyte

Answer 19

The produced gamete usually in the haploid phase, producing the zygote is where the sporophyte arises.

Question 20

Define Seed

Answer 20

A reproductive structure that contains an embryonic plant and stored food, protected by the fruit.

Question 21

Define Tropism

Answer 21

A plant growth movement such as a tree growing toward the light.

Question 22

Define Apical Meristem

Answer 22

Primary Growth.

Question 23

Diploid and Haploid areeeee

Answer 23

Plants

Question 24

Define Wood

Answer 24

Growth rings of old xylem produced by the cambium.

Question 25

What are the three types of Tropism?

Answer 25

Phototropism: Growth towards the light.

Gravitropism: Growth caused by gravity.

Hydrotropism: Growth by water.

Question 26

Define Petal

Answer 26

Attract pollinators.

Question 27

Xylem

Answer 27

1 of 2 Types of Transport in Vascular Plants to bring water up from the roots to leaves

Question 28

Define Carpel

Answer 28

(Female) Produces the egg, which will turn to seeds encased in fruit.

Question 29

Define Auxin

Answer 29

Various hormones or similar substances that promote and regulate the growth and development of plants.

Question 30

Vascular

Answer 30

Plant tissues that conduct water, sap, and nutrients in flowering plants, ferns, and their relatives.

Question 31

Define Stomata

Answer 31

Tiny holes in the leaf to allow for gases and water vapor exchange with the outside.

Question 32

What are the two ways seeds are dispersed?

Answer 32

By the wind and animals.

Question 33

Define Lateral Meristem

Answer 33

Secondary Growth.

Question 34

Define Cambium

Answer 34

A special mitotic layer of cells between the xylem and phloem in stems and roots(secondary growth).

Question 35

Define Veins

Answer 35

Composed of xylem and phloem; carry water and sugar.