Embryology of the Heart

Question 1

What adult structure forms from the truncus asteriosus?

Answer 1

Aorta & Pulmonary Trunk

Question 2

What adult structure forms from the bulbus cordis?

Answer 2

Smooth parts of the right and left ventricles

Question 3

What adult structure forms from the primitive ventricle?

Answer 3

The trabeculated parts of the right and left ventricles.

Question 4

What adult structure forms from the primitive atrium?

Answer 4

The trabeculated parts of the right and left atria.

Question 5

What adult structure forms from the sinus venosus?

Answer 5

Smooth part of right atrium

coronary sinus

oblique vein of the left atrium

Question 6

What are the features of tetralogy of fallot?

Answer 6

PROVe

• Pulmonary stenosis - stenosis of the pulmonary valve
• Right ventricular hypertrophy - thickening of right ventricle muscle due to increased pressure in the heart
• Overriding Aorta - aorta receives from the right and left ventricles
• Ventricular septal defect (VSD) - septum not fully developed to separate the right and left ventricles

Marked cyanosis!!!

Question 7

What is the adult remnant of the right and left umbilical arteries?

Answer 7

The medial umbilical ligament

Question 8

What is the adult remnant of the left umbilical vein?

Answer 8

The ligamentum teres (AKA round ligament of the liver)

Question 9

What is the adult remnant of the ductus venosus?

Answer 9

The Ligamentum venosum

Question 10

What is the adult remnant of the foramen ovale?

Answer 10

The fossa ovale

Question 11

What is the adult remnant of the ductus arteriosus?

Answer 11

The ligamentum arteriosum.

Question 12

Complete this sentence: Umbilical arteries carry _____________________________.

Answer 12

Umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated blood AWAY from the fetus

Question 13

Complete this sentence: Umbilical veins carry _____________________________.

Answer 13

Umbilical veins carry oxygenated blood TOWARD the fetus

Question 14

What is the foramen ovale?

Answer 14

Shunt that connects the left and right atria, moving blood from the superior vena cava into the right atrium, directly to the left atrium, and out of the aorta for systemic circulation.

Question 15

What is the ductus venosus?

Answer 15

Reroutes oxygenated blood returning from the placenta via the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava to prevent the liver from taking oxygen meant for the rest of the body

Question 16

What is the ductus arteriosus?

Answer 16

Shunts leftover blood from the pulmonary trunk directly to the aorta.

Question 17

What is the blood supply from aortic arch 3 to pharyngeal arch 3?

Answer 17

Aortic arch 3 gives the common carotid artery and most of the internal & external carotids.

Right and left aortic arches are the same!!

Question 18

What is the blood supply from aortic arch 4 to pharyngeal arch 4?

Answer 18

Arch 4 - right and left are different!!

Right: gives the right subclavian

Left: shares in the formation of arch of the aorta

Thus, the recurrent branch of the Vagus recurs around the right subclavian and the left aorta

Question 19

What is the blood supply from aortic arch 6 to pharyngeal arch 6?

Answer 19

Arch 6-right and left are different!!!

Right: gives the Right pulmonary artery

Left : Ductus arteriosus and Left Pulmonary Artery