Prokaryotes Flashcards
1
Q
Three types in Domain Archea
A
- Thermoacidophiles
- Methanogens
- Halophiles
2
Q
Thermoacidophiles
A
- In hot sulfur springs
- Hydrothermal vents
- Chemoautotrophs
- iron and sulfur used for food [energy in chemical bonds]
3
Q
Methanogens
A
- Methane producers
- In swamps and guts
- anaerobic
- 2 million CH4/year
4
Q
Halophiles
A
*Salt loving
- Live up to 30% salt
- In tannin pools, salted fish, animal hides
== most are heterotrophic
== some autotrophic
5
Q
Qualities of Domain Bacteria
A
- Prokaryotic
- No nucleus
- No membrane bound organelles
- Single celled organisms [some w/ filaments, some w/ colonies]
- Asexual reproduction
6
Q
Asexual reproduction in bacteria
A
- Budding (fission)
*plasmids: circular extra-chromosomal DNA
[cocci - spheres]
[bacilla - rods]
[spirilla - spirals]
7
Q
Bacteria produce ______ and ______ produce anti-bacterial
A
- antifungal
2. fungi
8
Q
Bacterial Oxygen Requirements
A
- Aerobes (need 02)
- Anaerobes (don’t need 02 - fermentation)
- Facultative anaerobes (can switch over if need be)
9
Q
How are bacteria decomposers?
A
- In water and soil
- Secrete enzymes out of cells [hydrolysis]
*Ecologically important: recycle nutrients == produce soils
10
Q
Mutualistic bacteria
A
- Cellulose digesting bacteria in cows
11
Q
Bacteria as Pathogens
A
- Invade host [usually through mucous membrane]
- Spread to others
12
Q
Bacteria as Photoautotrophs?
A
Synthesize their own food from inorganic substances using light as an energy source.
- Purple sulfur bacteria
- Green sulfur bacteria
13
Q
Representative bacteria
A
- Streptococcus
- Salmonella
- E. Coli
- Staphylococcus
- Tuberculosis
- Botulism
14
Q
Streptococcus
A
- produce yogurt
- part of “normal” flora of gut and mouth
- pathogenic strains:
- strep-throat
- meningitis
- “flesh-eating” bacteria
15
Q
Salmonella
A
- toxin producer
- salmonellosis: fecal-oral route (chicken)
- salmonella typhi: typhoid fever
