5.6-botosynthesis

Question 1

what is a granum?

Answer 1

stacks of thylakoid membranes

Question 2

what happens at the granum?

Answer 2

the light dependent stage of photosynthesis

Question 3

what is the stroma?

Answer 3

fluid filled matrix

Question 4

what happens at the stroma?

Answer 4

light independent stage of photosynthesis

Question 5

is the outer membrane permeable?

Answer 5

yes, very

Question 6

what is the chloroplast layer?

Answer 6

the double membrane of the chloroplast

Question 7

what is the space between the outer and inner membranes called?

Answer 7

intermembrane compartment

Question 8

what do the intergranal lamellae do?

Answer 8

allow separate grana to be interconnected

Question 9

what are thylakoids?

Answer 9

flattened membrane bound sacs containing photosynthetic pigments

Question 10

what happens in thylakoids?

Answer 10

light dependent stage

Question 11

where is ps1 found?

Answer 11

intergranal lamellae

Question 12

where is ps2 found?

Answer 12

grana

Question 13

what are the 5 pigments of chorophyll?

Answer 13

chlorophyll a
chlorophyll b
carotenoids
xanthophyll
phaephytin

Question 14

what is the colour of chlorophyll a?

Answer 14

blue green

Question 15

what is the colour of chlorophyll b?

Answer 15

yellow green

Question 16

what is the colour of carotenoids?

Answer 16

orange and yellow

Question 17

what is the colour of xanthophyll?

Answer 17

yellow brown

Question 18

what is the colour of phaephytin?

Answer 18

grey

Question 19

what is the most abundant chlorophyll pigment?

Answer 19

chlorophyll a

Question 20

how is the structure of the granum adapted to its function?

Answer 20

large surface area
contains pigments + photosystems
contains electron carriers/ ATP synthase

Question 21

what is a compound made from TP that’s not part of the Calvin cycle?

Answer 21

amino acid

Question 22

how many carbons does RuBP have?

Answer 22

5

Question 23

why does the chloroplast contain fat droplets?

Answer 23

membrane formation/phospholipid/cholesterol for membrane

fatty acid/pigment synthesis

Question 24

where does the light independent stage of photosynthesis take place?

Answer 24

stroma

Question 25

what photosystems does cyclic phosphorylation involve?

Answer 25

just PSI

Question 26

what is produced in cyclic photophosphorylation?

Answer 26

a small amount of ATP

Question 27

how do guard cells work?

Answer 27

their chloroplasts only contain PSI, so they do cycylic photophosphorylation and the ATP produced is used to actively transport potassium so water follow potassium into the cell, causing it to swell and opening the stomata.

Question 28

what photosystems are involved in non cyclic photophosphorylation?

Answer 28

PSI and PSII

Question 29

which photophosphorylation does photolysis occur in?

Answer 29

non cyclic

Question 30

what are the products of non cyclic photophosphorylation?

Answer 30

ATP reduced NADP oxygen

Question 31

where does the light independent stage of photosynthesis take place?

Answer 31

thylakoid membranes

Question 32

what reaction does RuBisCO catalyse?

Answer 32

CO2 + RuBP ---> 2GP

Question 33

what does GP stand for?

Answer 33

glycerate-3-phosphate

Question 34

what does TP stand for?

Answer 34

triose phosphate?

Question 35

what does RuBP stand for?

Answer 35

ribulose biphosphate

Question 36

what does RuBisCO stand for?

Answer 36

ribulose biphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase

Question 37

how many carbons does GP have?

Answer 37

3

Question 38

how many carbons does TP have?

Answer 38

3

Question 39

how many molecules of TP formed in the calvin cycle leave the calvin cycle?

Answer 39

2/12

Question 40

what is water stress?

Answer 40

the condition a plant will experience when water supply becomes limited

Question 41

what are limiting factors?

Answer 41

the factors that affect the rate of a process

Question 42

what is photosynthesis an example of?

Answer 42

carbon fixation

Question 43

is photosynthesis endothermic or exothermic?

Answer 43

endo

Question 44

what is compensation point?

Answer 44

the point when photosynthesis and respiration are happening at the same rate in a plant.

Question 45

what's the importance of photosynthetic pigments in photosynthesis?

Answer 45

- accessory pigments pass energy to reaction centres (primary pigments) - primary pigments/reaction centres becomes oxidised - for LDR/photophosphorylation - cause photons to initiate photosythesis

Question 46

what happens during photolysis?

Answer 46

water gets split into protons, electrons, and oxygen.

Question 47

why does the calvin cycle only work during daylight?

Answer 47

in daylight the conc of mg2+ increases in stroma, which act as cofactors of rubisco.

Question 48

what is tp used for?

Answer 48

glucose, starch, cellulose | amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol

Question 49

what do you have to make sure of when using a photosynthometer?

Answer 49

air tight | no bubbles in capillary tubing