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Criminal Justice 270- Intro to Criminology > Chapter 22: Residential and Non-Residential Burglary > Flashcards

Chapter 22: Residential and Non-Residential Burglary Flashcards

1
Q

What is a burglary?

A

the unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or a theft

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2
Q

What is a burglary under the FBI?

A

attempted forcible entry into a structure (also counts)

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3
Q

What was a burglary under the common law?

A

limited to a “dwelling house” and the lands and buildings surrounding the dwelling

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4
Q

What is a burglary under UCR?

A

the unlawful entry into any type of residential or non-residential structure

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5
Q

What are the two major sources of definitional ambiguity when it comes to burglary?

A

(1) the distinction between burglary and trespass is often muddled
(2) when a breaking and entering involves a physical threat or injury to the victim, burglaries are recorded as particular types of violent crimes

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6
Q

What is trespass?

A

the unauthorized entry on the land or premises of another

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7
Q

What is the difference in reporting burglaries based off of occupied versus non-residential structures?

A

occupied dwelling=(usually) burglary

non-residential structures= trespass or burglary

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8
Q

burglary rates increased greatly from the early ______ and peaked in _____, and steeply ________ over the next 30 years

A

1960s
1981
dropping

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9
Q

Burglary is committed ever ___ seconds

A

14

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10
Q

lowest burglary rate in 2011 since _____

A

1966

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11
Q

What is the ranking of burglaries per region?

A

(1) South
(2) Midwest
(3) West
(4) Northeast

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12
Q

When, and in which states, were the West’s burglary rate the highest?

A

in the 1960s

Nevada and California

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13
Q

Which region has consistently had the lowest rate of burglary?

A

the Northeast

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14
Q

What is the ranking of burglaries per state?

A

(1) Arkansas
(2) North Carolina
(3) Alabama
(4) Mississippi
(5) New Mexico

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15
Q

_____ __________ areas have have higher burglary rates than small cities

A

Large metropolitan

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16
Q

What are the primary “hot spots” for residential burglary?

A

lower income areas

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17
Q

How does social disorganization theory explain the “hot spots” for residential burglary?

A

(1) lower levels of community-based social control due to high population mobility
(2) economic marginality
(3) lower monitoring/supervision of youth

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18
Q

What are the characteristics of the average burglary offender?

A

male, young, and African-American

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19
Q

What are some reasons why we may not have an accurate arrest file for burglary?

A

(1) most burglaries are not known to the police

(2) only about 13% of known burglaries are cleared by an arrest

20
Q

True or False: Burglars often have prior arrests.

A

True

21
Q

Do burglars specialize and/or escalate?

A

do not specialize or escalate

22
Q

What are the motivations and particular situational factors that underlie burglars selection of crime targets?

A

(1) motivated by both financial and intrinsic/psychic factors
(2) Can be planned or spontaneous
(3) the primary factors of target selection
(4) target hardening activities

23
Q

What are the primary factors of (burglary) target selection?

A

(1) surveillability
(2) accessibility
(3) signs of occupancy

24
Q

How effective are target hardening activities against burglars?

A

little effectiveness on experienced burglars

25
Q

Households and victimization: ______ headed households > male headed households

A

women

26
Q

Households and victimization: _____ headed households > white headed households

A

Black

27
Q

Households and victimization: ________ headed households > non-Hispanic headed households

A

Hispanic

28
Q

Households and victimization:

under ___ years old > ___ years old or older

A

20

65

29
Q

Households and victimization:

household w/ income less than $____> households w/ income more than $____

A
  1. 5k

7. 5k

30
Q

Households and victimization:

households w/ ___ or more people > households with ____ person

A

6

one

31
Q

Why are household with under 20 year old at a greater risk of victimization?

A

(1) living in single-unit dwellings in higher income areas
(2) greater protection of their homes by spending more time within them
(3) greater participation in situational crime prevention

32
Q

Households and victimization: _______ > homeowners

A

renters

33
Q

How does UCR data distinguish burglaries?

A

they are based on:
location
time of day
method of entry

34
Q

Do a majority of burglaries occur in residential or non residential structures?

A

A majority (75%) of burglaries were residential burglaries

35
Q

What percentage burglaries involve forcible entry, what percentage attempted forcible entry?

A

61% forcible entry

6% attempted forcible entry

36
Q

What time of the day do most residential burglaries occur?

A

daytime hours

37
Q

What time of the day do most non-residential burglaries occur?

A

night

38
Q

What is the average dollar loss to victims per burglary?

A

about $2,200

39
Q

What percentage of the victims of burglary were sleeping or involved in other activities at home when the crime occurred?

A

at least 25%

40
Q

What percentage of victims reported their residential burglaries to the police?

A

58%

41
Q

Why do victims of burglaries not report?

A

(1) the stolen property was recovered ; or the offender was unsuccessful
(2) lack of proof (that the crime occurred)
(3) police wouldn’t want to be bothered

42
Q

What is the average jail and prison sentence for burglars?

A

jail sentence is 7 months

prison sentence is about 5 years

43
Q

Why is imprisonment for burglary an idle threat?

A

(1) most burglars are not caught

(2) less than 30% of all arrested burglars are convicted and given a prison sentence

44
Q

What are the Situational Crime Prevention (SCP) techniques for burglary?

A

(1) increasing the effort for offenders to commit crimes
(2) increasing their risks of getting caught
(3) reducing the rewards for crime
(4) reducing provocations
(5) removing excuses

45
Q

What is the hoteling rule?

A

A rule used by FBI for counting burglaries in Multi-Unit Complexes

46
Q

Do dogs deter burglars?

A

Your neighbors dog does, but not your own

Criminal Justice 270- Intro to Criminology (47 decks)

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