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Academic Decathlon (WWII) > Science Final > Flashcards

Science Final Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: Laser enrichment is a method of using lasers to separate isotopes of uranium.

A

True

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2
Q

True or False: The difference between nuclear reactions and chemical reactions is that nuclear reactions form new atoms.

A

True

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3
Q

True or False: If you want to create a plasma, you must superheat electrons.

A

True

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4
Q

What isotope is not a product of uranium fission but still is produced in nuclear reactors?

A

plutonium-239

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5
Q

Philip Lenard’s experimentation with the photoelectric effect found that electrons did not

A

gain kinetic energy as the intensity of the light increased

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6
Q

True or False: A wave packet can be a solution to the Schrodinger equation.

A

True

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7
Q

Why would a developing country with no nuclear weapons have felt offended by the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty?

A

The treaty claimed they were not allowed to develop nuclear weapons even though the countries that had them got to keep them.

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8
Q

What element did J.J. Thomson find had a mass 1,800 times larger than that of a cathode ray particle?

A

hydrogen

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9
Q

True or False: The detonation of the USSR’s first nuclear bomb and the detonation of its first hydrogen bomb were both in the month of August.

A

True

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10
Q

What principle did Niels Bohr propose?

A

the correspondence principle

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11
Q

If scientists discovered a new substance named “radioactive aether”, it would most likely be an

A

invisible gas that emits alpha particles

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12
Q

What concept did Max Planck propose in 1900?

A

The quantum

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13
Q

What characteristic distinguishes gamma ray photons from other photons?

A

higher energy levels

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14
Q

Approximately how many becquerels comprise one curie?

A

10^10

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15
Q

Radio waves, x-rays, and visible light are all

A

part of the electromagnetic spectrum

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16
Q

What condition must be met in order for a wave to fit around the circumference of a circle?

A

The wave must have a whole number of wavelengths.

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17
Q

If you could increase the critical mass of uranium-235, what consequence would most likely result for scientists trying to create a uranium fission bomb?

A

They would need to obtain more uranium-235

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18
Q

What Manhattan Project program did Robert Oppenheimer lead?

A

Project Y

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19
Q

A photon passing by an excited atom will most likely cause the atom to

A

emit a photon

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20
Q

What ratio of atomic mass number to atomic number does the most common hydrogen isotope have?

A

1:1

21
Q

What function does a scintillation counter serve?

A

radioactivity detecter

22
Q

A critical nuclear reaction is defined as a nuclear reaction that

A

induces a constant chain reaction

23
Q

True or False: Isotopes of the same element correspond with the same location on the periodic table.

A

True

24
Q

True or False: Alpha particles tend to leave nuclei with high levels of energy.

A

True

25
Q

For what process is the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor intended?

A

magnetic confinement fusion

26
Q

Why are we unable to know the state of Schrodinger’s cat inside the closed box?

A

We cannot take measurement when the box is closed

27
Q

After the sixtieth element on the periodic table, elements become less

A

stable

28
Q

What form of radiation is most common in cancer therapy?

A

gamma

29
Q

Niels Bohr proposed that the frequency of an electron’s radiation after it has undergone an energy level transition can be found from Planck’s constant and the

A

change in the electron’s energy

30
Q

True or False: After WWII, media felt that the potential uses for atomic power were boundless.

A

True

31
Q

If you traveled back in time to describe nuclear fusion to Aristotle, he would most likely disbelieve you on the grounds that

A

atoms did not exist

32
Q

What function do boron rods perform in nuclear reactors?

A

They absorb neutrons

33
Q

What term refers to an isotope that existed at Earth’s formation?

A

a primordial isotope

34
Q

Why do alpha, beta, and gamma radiation have fundamentally different properties?

A

they contain different particles

35
Q

What fuel did the “gadget” nuclear bomb use?

A

plutonium

36
Q

Approximately how much time passed between the construction of the world’s first and second man-made nuclear reactors?

A

11 months

37
Q

What characteristic of neutrons makes them the best “bullets” for inciting nuclear reactions?

A

They have no charge

38
Q

What statement best describes quantum theory before 1925?

A

It lacked a unifying mathematical foundation

39
Q

What term refers to physicists’ method of cooling atoms?

A

Doppler cooling

40
Q

The most current model of the atom describes electrons’ motions as

A

wave functions

41
Q

the “238” in “uranium-238” refers to its

A

mass number

42
Q

In the formula describing radioactive decay, the symbol λ represents the

A

decay constant

43
Q

Approximately what percent of matter do nuclear fission reactions convert into energy?

A

0.1%

44
Q

True or False: The bombs “Fat Man” and “Little Boy” were detonated over different countries.

A

False

45
Q

Both protons and neutrons have

A

magnetic movement

46
Q

How many years after the end of WWII did Edward Teller finish his design for a hydrogen bomb?

A

6 years

47
Q

Approximately how many atoms high was the Trinity test’s mushroom cloud (if 1 mile equals approximately 1609 meters)?

A

10^14

48
Q

True or False: Plato believed that different types of matter had different building blocks.

A

True

Academic Decathlon (WWII) (12 decks)

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