Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nutrition > Ex3 > Flashcards

Ex3 Flashcards

1
Q

What does energy intake come from?

A

Foods, beverages.

Supplements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does energy output consist of?

A

Basil metabolic rate(BMR),

TEF, Activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the psychological DESIRE to eat?

A

Appetite ( driven by genetics and external stimuli )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the physiological NEED to at? Controlled by?

A

Hunger, hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the feeling of fullness?

A

Satiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What kind of foods do you want want to eat if you’re trying to increase satiation satiety?

A

Protein, LOW energy density foods. (High fiber)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do you want to eat if you want to decrease satiation and satiety? (Hungry faster)

A

Limit fructose consumed, eat less high fat foods, have a HIGHER energy density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the Energy required to digest and absorb food?

A

Thermocouple effect of food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the energy required to maintain life when body is at complete rest?

A

Basal metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

BMR represents______% of total energy expenditure?

A

60-70

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Do woman or men have higher BMR?

A

Men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of person has the highest BMR?

A

Tall, thin people have the highest BMR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

As surface area increase so does__________?

A

BMR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Thermic Effect of Food (TRF) represents _____% of total energy expenditure

A

10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is found in chili and mustards that increases metabolic rate up to 33% for 3 hours after meal?

A

Capsaicin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Daily activity represents _______% of the total energy expenditure ?

A

20-40%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the energy used during sports or fitness exercise called?

A

Activity thermogenesis (AT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is activists of daily living and energy expended during leisure actives called?

A

Non exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What a factors affect AT (activity thermogenesis) ?

A

Body size, fitness level, excess post exercise oxygen levels = increased Metabolic rate after exercise has ceased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What method of calculating estimated resting metabolic rate is most common?

A

Mifflin-St. Jeor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How many calories are burned doing kettle bell snatches ?

A

20 cal per min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How many calories are burned per minute when standing and doing like work?

A

4.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How many calories are burned skiing per minute?

A

11.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

After glycogen stores are filled what happens?

A

Excess carbs turned into fatty acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the positive energy balance breakdown?

A

Fill glycogen stores, excess carbs turned into fatty acids, dietary fat stored unto adipocytes, less lipolysis, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of adipocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the increase in the size of adipocytes ?

A

Hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the increase in the number of adipocytes?

A

Hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the mean adipose age site?

A

10 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Can you lose adipose sites?

A

No, you can lose fat in the adipose sites but not the adipose sites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is a enzyme that is the major determinant in obesity development?

A

Lipoprotein lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Lipoprotein lipase is more active where in males?

A

Abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Lipoprotein lipase is more active where?

A

Breasts, hips, thighs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the body type that is associated with more health risks?

A

Android-type obesity

34
Q

Android type obesity is associated with what shape and what sex?

A

Apple, male

35
Q

Adjustment of metabolism to restore body to original weight after weight loss or gain is called?

A

Set point theory (changes are different that what would be expected from change in body comp)

36
Q

What gene codes for leptin ?

A

Ob gene

37
Q

What type of adipose tissue stores TG in a uniocular adipocyte ?

A

WAT

38
Q

What adipose tissue is ATP and heat generation are uncoupled ?

A

BAT

39
Q

BAT is inversely related to what?

A

Age, outdoor temp, BMI

40
Q

Cold weather or introduction of cold stimulus may cause subcutaneous WAT to express BAT genes. Which is called what?

A

Beige fat

41
Q

What is the difference in NEAT between lean and obese people per day?

A

350

42
Q

Does BMI measure body fat?

A

No

43
Q

A patient has a BMI < or = 16 equals what?

A

Severe thinness

44
Q

A patient has a BMI between 16.0-16.9 =?

A

Moderate thinness

45
Q

A patient has a BMI between 17.0 - 18.49 =?

A

Mild thinness

46
Q

A patient has a BMI of 18.5 - 24.9 = ?

A

Healthy

47
Q

A patient has a BMI of 25-29.5 =?

A

Preobese

48
Q

A patient has a BMI of 30- 34.9 =?

A

Obese calls I

49
Q

A patient has a BMI between 35.0- 39.9 =?

A

Obese class II

50
Q

A patient with a BMI greater than or equal to 40 =?

A

Obese class III

51
Q

What is the healthy WC for men?

A

Less than or equal to 40

52
Q

What is the healthy WC for women?

A

Less than or equal to 35

53
Q

What is the healthy WHR for men?

A

Less than or equal to 0.95

54
Q

What is the healthy WHR for women ?

A

Less than or equal to 0.80

55
Q

What is the healthy WHtR ?

A

Less than 0.5

56
Q

What makes up lean body mass/fat free mass?

A

Muscle, bone, fluid

57
Q

What type of adipose tissue will be reduced with exercise that shows or doesn’t show weight loss?

A

VAT

58
Q

What type of fat is easier to lose?

A

VAT

59
Q

What are visceral WAT physiologic functions?

A

Angiogenesis, coagulation, appetite regulation

60
Q

What 3 things stimulate lipolysis ?

A

TNF-alpha, IL-6, Resistin

61
Q

What promotes beta cell apoptosis ?

A

TNF-alpha

62
Q

What phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) causing insulin resistance ?

A

TNF-alpha

63
Q

What is protective against beta cell apoptosis ?

A

IL-6

64
Q

What inhibits secretion from beta cells?

A

Leptin

65
Q

What is decreased during obesity and induces insulin sensitivity in muscle and adipose tissue?

A

Adiponectin

66
Q

What Is increased during obesity, decreases muscles ability to take up fatty acids?

A

Resistin

67
Q

What does an accumulation of FFA in the pancreas cause?

A

Beta cell failure

68
Q

What does an accumulation of FFA in the liver cause?

A

NAFLD

69
Q

What does an accumulation of FFA in the muscles cause?

A

Type 2 diabetes

70
Q

What does an accumulation of FFA in the heart cause?

A

Heart disease

71
Q

What does an accumulation of FFA in the endothelium vasocontraction cause?

A

Hypertension

72
Q

What is a major site for lipid synthesis?

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

73
Q

Excess adipose down regulates what?

A

Glutathione peroxidase

74
Q

With lipotoxicity were able to detoxify less ROS, which leads to increased production of what?

A

Toxic lipid aldehydes

75
Q

What can rescue endoplasmic reticulum stress?

A

Dietary antio

76
Q

What is the theory behind excess fat fats being more likely to cause ER stress?

A

Due to Calcium depletion

77
Q

What are the two ways to measure body comp that use 3 components ?

A

DEXA, MRI

78
Q

What are symptoms of metabolic syndrome ?

A

High BP, Insulin reistance ,high TG, low HDL, high waist circumference

79
Q

95% of eating disorders are between what ages?

A

12-25

80
Q

If you crave ice chips you have a deficiency in what?

A

Iron

81
Q

Is Pica an eating disorder ?

A

No

82
Q

What is a pattern of eating non food materials at an age when it is developmentally inappropriate?

A

Pica

Nutrition (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions