Lab 12- bone structure and classification(test 2)

Question 1

Long bones

Answer 1

longer than wide

-femur, humerus, phalanges

Question 2

short bones

Answer 2

length is approximately the width, cube shaped

-carpals, tarsals

Question 3

flat bones

Answer 3

wide surface

-ribs, scapula, most cranial bones

Question 4

irregular bones

Answer 4

numerous shapes, come in contact with more than 1 bone

- vertebrae, some facial bones like sphenoid

Question 5

sesamoid bones

Answer 5

small, housed within tendons of a compression joint

-patella

Question 6

osteon (haversian system)

Answer 6

cylinder-shaped unit

Question 7

central canal(haversian canal; osteonic canal)

Answer 7

contains blood vessels and nerves

Question 8

lamella

Answer 8

concentric ring of matrix around central canal

Question 9

lacuna

Answer 9

small chamber for an osteocyte

Question 10

bone extracellular matrix

Answer 10

collagen and calcium phosphate

Question 11

canaliculus

Answer 11

minute tube containing cellular process

Question 12

epiphysis

Answer 12

ends of long bones

• proximal(nearest torso)
• distal(farthest from torso)

Question 13

epiphyseal plate

Answer 13

growth zone of hyaline cartilage

Question 14

articular cartilage

Answer 14

on ends of epiphysis

Question 15

diaphysis

Answer 15

shaft between epiphyses

Question 16

periosteum

Answer 16

membrane around bone of dense irregular connective tissue (except where there is articular cartilage)

Question 17

compact bone

Answer 17

forms diaphysis and epiphyseal surfaces

Question 18

spongy bone (cancellous)

Answer 18

within epiphyses

-trabeculae: a structural lattice of plates in spongy bone

Question 19

medullary cavity

Answer 19

hollow chamber

Question 20

endosteum

Answer 20

thin membrane lining the medullary cavity made of reticular connective tissue

Question 21

yellow bone marrow

Answer 21

occupies the medullary cavity and stores adipose tissue

Question 22

red bone marrow

Answer 22

occupies spongy bone in some epiphyses and flat bones and produces blood cells