Chapter 10 Terms

Question 1

rhythm

Answer 1

grouping, patterning, and partitioning of musical events

Question 2

meter

Answer 2

measurement of the number of pulses between n regularly recurring accents

Question 3

pulses

Answer 3

regular recurring time points

Question 4

beats

Answer 4

pulses referred to in a metric context

Question 5

syncopation

Answer 5

the rhythmic contradiction of a metrical pattern of strong and weak beats

Question 6

hemiola

Answer 6

the juxtaposition of, or interplay between three and two beats

Question 7

symmetrical/divisive

Answer 7

thought of in terms of their divisions which form symmetrical patterns

Question 8

asymmetrical/additive

Answer 8

thought of in terms of two or more combined metric units resulting in asymmetrical units

Question 9

changing/mixed meters

Answer 9

a simple way of creating metric irregularity

Question 10

irregular rhythmic groupings

Answer 10

temporal irregularity that can be created by metric changes or accents

Question 11

metric displacement

Answer 11

when accents and phrasing create groupings that do not correspond with the given meter

Question 12

polymeter

Answer 12

the simultaneous presentation of more than one meter

Question 13

polyrhythm

Answer 13

simultaneous presentation of different rhythmic groupings or divisions

Question 14

modes of limited transposition

Answer 14

these collections can only be transposed a limited number of times before they map onto themselves

Question 15

tala

Answer 15

specific time or rhythmic cycle

Question 16

rhythms with added values

Answer 16

rhythms in which a short value is added by means of a note, dot, or a rest

Question 17

rhythmic augmentation or diminution

Answer 17

increasing or decreasing rhythmic values

Question 18

proportional augmentation

Answer 18

all values or a given rhythm are augmented by the same ratio

Question 19

augmentation by a fixed value

Answer 19

equally augmented by a certain value

Question 20

inexact augmentation

Answer 20

augmenting whatever values however you want

Question 21

nonretrogradable rhythms

Answer 21

symmetrical or palindromic

Question 22

rhythmic pedals/ostinatos

Answer 22

repetition of a rhythmic figure or cycle

Question 23

rhythmic canons

Answer 23

one part features and augmentation of the other parts values (notes are often based on different modes)

Question 24

generative rhythm

Answer 24

grows from a small initial segment following some systematic process of repetition, addition, expansion, ad so on

Question 25

seed

Answer 25

the initial cell from which a generative rhythm is constructed

Question 26

recursive progression

Answer 26

results when a seed generates a longer segment which in turn becomes the seed from which a longer segment is generated

Question 27

progressive rhythm

Answer 27

the initial seed is expanded or contracted by the addition or subtraction of a fixed value

Question 28

chromatic progression

Answer 28

if the value added or subtracted each time is 1

Question 29

metric modulation

Answer 29

when the music moves from one precise metronomic marking to another through a series of intermediate steps

Question 30

simultaneous speeds

Answer 30

using more than one speed in different parts

Question 31

intervalic repertoires

Answer 31

where each line is a specific interval apart

Question 32

international phonetic alphabet

Answer 32

a set of symbols used in phonetic transcription that contains different symbol for every speech sound that can be distinguished in any language

Question 33

musical linearity

Answer 33

takes place when some musical events are determined by implications that arise from earlier events in the piece

Question 34

non directed linearity

Answer 34

musical linearity presented only at the local level (as we approach a cadence)

Question 35

musical nonlinearity

Answer 35

when musical events are determined by principles that govern the entire composition or section rather than by earlier events

Question 36

moment time

Answer 36

when music is made up of a series of events that may be related

Question 37

vertical time

Answer 37

when the moment becomes the whole piece in which it is vertically as well as linearly conceived