Finals reiew

Question 1

Acid mantle

Answer 1

Skin is protective barrier that covers the body,the largest organ of the body that protects body systems from outside elements (bacteria and micro organisms
pH - 4.5-5.5

Question 2

Antioxidants

Answer 2

Prevent oxidation by neutralizing free radicals

Free radicals are super oxidizers that cause an oxidation reaction and produce a ne where radical in the process

Question 3

pH

Answer 3

pH - (potential hydrogen) of a substance is its relative degree of acidity or alkalinity and is measured on a scale of 0-14
0-7 acidic
7-14 alkalinic (bases) turns litmus paper from red to blue
pH-10 soap
pH-7 distiller water (neutral)

Question 4

FDA

Answer 4

Regulates important aspects of cosmetics
Beautifying, promoting attractiveness or altering appearances : rubbed, poured, sprinkled or otherwise applied to the human body

Question 5

Miscible VS Immiscible

Answer 5

miscible liquids are mutually soluble. Water and alcohol are miscible liquids

Immiscible liquids are not mutually soluble water and oil are Immiscible liquids

Question 6

Surfactants

Answer 6

Used to emulsify oil and water to create an emulsion
Emulsion - mixtures of two or more Immiscible substances united with aid of an emulsifier
Surfactants have two ends: hydrophilic (water loving) & lipophilic (oil loving)

Question 7

Oil in water emulsion

Answer 7

Moisturizing and cleansing lotions.
Droplets of oil are dispersed in water surrounded by surfactants with hydrophilic end pointing out and lipophilic end pointing inh

Question 8

Water in oil

Answer 8

Droplets of water are dispersed in oil.. Examples cleansing creams, suntan lotion, cold creams, massage creams

Question 9

Suspensions

Answer 9

Uniforms mixtures of two or more substances. Suspensions are not normally transparent and may be colored. They tend to separate over time

Question 10

Phototherapy

Answer 10

Use of the plant extracts for therapeutic benefits: barks roots stem seeds and lowers used to make oils and essences

Question 11

Oxidation reaction

Answer 11

Also known as REDOX – chemical reactions where oxidizing agent is reduced and the
Reducing agent is oxidized

Question 12

Alkaline

Answer 12

Another name for alkaline is BASE

Question 13

Chemical reaction important to Esthetician

Answer 13

Acid alkaline neutralization reaction- when an acid and a base are mixed in equal proportions to neutralize each other forming water & salt

Oxidation reduction- chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduces and the reducing agent is oxidized

Question 14

Atoms

Answer 14

Smallest part of an element

Question 15

Moleculesh

Answer 15

Molecules formed by joining two or more atoms chemically.

Question 16

Physical change

Answer 16

Change in the form or physical properties of a substance without the formation of a new substance

Question 17

USDA My Plate

Answer 17

Recommended guideline for food groups that individuals should consume daily and can be personalized according to needs

Question 18

B-vitamins

Answer 18

Biotin : energy formation by cella as well as synthesis of both proteins and fatty acids

Pyridoxine: metabolism of proteins, by breaking down and reconstructing amino acids as needed by body - present in soybean, fish, walnuts, banana, prunes helps with OMD

Question 19

Vitamin c

Answer 19

Ascorbic acid - antioxidant that helps protect the body from many forms of oxidation and problems with free radicals
Helps prevent capillary damage
It is important in fighting age process

Question 20

Vitamins A D E K

Answer 20

Normally are present in fats in foods. The body stores them in the liver and in adipose tissue
Vitamin A- retinol -stimulate collagen
Vitamin D-sunshine -skin synthesizes vitamin D from cholesterol
Vitamin E- tocopherol -antioxidant
Vitamin K- synthesis of proteins necessary for blood coagulation

Question 21

Glucose

Answer 21

The most important carbohydrate because it provides majority of energy to body. It is stored in liver, and muscles as glycogen or animal starch

Question 22

Enzymes

Answer 22

Breakdown complex molecules into smaller molecules to be synthesized by body. Made up of catalyst of proteins and vitamins

Question 23

Amino acids

Answer 23

11 of the 20 common amino acids can be synthesized by the body.
They are called nonessential amino acids because they don’t have to be in our diet